What is the benefit of using a spacer with inhaled medications?
It helps more medication reach the lungs
It increases the delivery speed of the drug
It reduces the adverse effects of the drug
It prevents the development of dry mouth
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Using a spacer with inhaled medications helps more medication reach the lungs. The spacer holds the medication in a chamber, allowing the client to inhale slowly and deeply. This improves deposition of the drug in the lower airways rather than having it impact the oropharynx or be exhaled, increasing the effectiveness of the treatment.
B. Increasing the delivery speed of the drug is incorrect. A spacer does not make the medication act faster; it improves the efficiency of delivery, allowing for better absorption in the lungs.
C. Reducing the adverse effects of the drug is partially true in that less medication deposits in the mouth and throat, potentially reducing local side effects, but the primary benefit is improving lung delivery rather than preventing all adverse effects.
D. Preventing the development of dry mouth is not the main purpose of a spacer. Dry mouth may occur with some inhaled medications, but the spacer’s main function is to enhance pulmonary deposition, not to prevent oral dryness.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Clipping the drainage bag to the edge of the mattress is incorrect. This placement does not maintain the bag below the bladder in a safe and stable manner and can increase the risk of accidental contamination or infection.
B. Attaching the drainage bag to the bedside rail is unsafe. The bag can swing, kink, or pull on the catheter, increasing the risk of urethral trauma and infection.
C. Attaching the drainage bag to the bedframe is correct. Securing the bag to a stable part of the bedframe keeps it below the level of the bladder, which promotes gravity drainage, prevents backflow of urine, and reduces the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). This method also prevents accidental pulling or disconnection of the catheter.
D. Securing the drainage bag on the inner thigh is used for leg bags, which are typically for ambulatory clients. Standard bedside drainage bags are not placed on the thigh, as this could interfere with proper drainage and increase infection risk.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A client with a history of frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) does have some risk for complications related to the urinary system, such as recurrent infections or bladder irritation. However, this history does not directly cause acute urinary retention. While monitoring is important, the client is not at the highest immediate risk for retention compared to others with more direct risk factors.
B. A urine output of 32 mL in the last hour is considered low (oliguria), and while it warrants close observation, it does not automatically indicate urinary retention. Oliguria can result from dehydration, hypovolemia, or decreased kidney function, but urinary retention specifically refers to the inability to empty the bladder despite the presence of urine and often the urge to void.
C. A client with elevated blood pressure and headache may be experiencing hypertension or other cardiovascular issues, but these symptoms are not primary risk factors for urinary retention. While hypertension can affect kidney function long-term, it does not acutely prevent bladder emptying.
D. A client who has undergone a surgical procedure requiring general anesthesia is at the greatest risk for urinary retention. General anesthesia can depress the central nervous system and inhibit bladder contractility, reducing the sensation of bladder fullness and delaying the ability to void postoperatively. Postoperative urinary retention is a common complication, especially after procedures involving the pelvic area or when opioids are used for pain management. This makes careful monitoring, assessment of bladder distention, and interventions such as bladder scanning or catheterization critical for preventing complications like bladder overdistension or infection.
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