What is the primary cause of myocardial ischemia?

Choice A rationale
Heberden’s nodes are bony swellings that occur at the distal interphalangeal finger joint, a sign of osteoarthritis. They are not associated with infective endocarditis (IE).
Choice B rationale
Bouchard’s nodes are similar to Heberden’s nodes but occur at the proximal interphalangeal finger joint. They are also a sign of osteoarthritis and not associated with IE.
Choice C rationale
Janeway lesions are flat, painless, red or purple spots on the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet. They are associated with IE and are caused by septic emboli which are small clots filled with bacteria. These emboli can lodge in small blood vessels, causing these characteristic lesions.
Choice D rationale
Tophi are hard, uric acid deposits under the skin. They are a sign of chronic gout, not IE.

Choice A rationale
Recurring chest pain can be a symptom of a serious condition such as a heart attack, which can occur if a blood clot forms in a vein deep inside the body, breaks off, and travels to the heart.
This is a potential complication of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and other vascular issues. Therefore, it’s important for the nurse to inquire about recurring chest pain in a patient with a past history of DVT and other vascular issues.
Choice B rationale
A peptic ulcer is a sore that develops on the lining of the stomach, upper small intestine, or lower esophagus. While peptic ulcers can cause discomfort and other symptoms, they are not typically associated with DVT or other vascular issues. Therefore, while it’s always important for the nurse to have a complete understanding of a patient’s health history, inquiring about a peptic ulcer may not be directly relevant to a patient with a past history of DVT and other vascular issues.
Choice C rationale
An aneurysm is a bulge or ballooning in the wall of an artery. Aneurysms can occur in any artery in the body, and they can be life-threatening if they rupture or dissect (tear)3. While aneurysms can be associated with certain vascular diseases, they are not typically associated with DVT3. Therefore, while it’s important for the nurse to be aware of a patient’s complete health history, inquiring about an aneurysm may not be directly relevant to a patient with a past history of DVT.
Choice D rationale
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation in the joints. While it can cause a variety of symptoms and complications, it is not typically associated with DVT or other vascular issues. Therefore, while it’s always important for the nurse to have a complete understanding of a patient’s health history, inquiring about rheumatoid arthritis may not be directly relevant to a patient with a past history of DVT and other vascular issues.