What is the primary cause of myocardial ischemia?

Idiopathic vasospasm.

Atherosclerosis.

Venous emboli.

Arterial emboli from a heart valve.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
Idiopathic vasospasm, or spontaneous constriction of the blood vessels, can cause myocardial ischemia. However, this is a relatively rare cause compared to atherosclerosis.
Choice B rationale
Atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of fatty plaques in the arteries, is the most common cause of myocardial ischemia. These plaques can restrict blood flow to the heart muscle, leading to ischemia.
Choice C rationale
Venous emboli, or blood clots that form in the veins, typically do not cause myocardial ischemia. These clots are more likely to cause problems in the lungs (pulmonary embolism) if they travel through the bloodstream.
Choice D rationale
Arterial emboli from a heart valve can cause myocardial ischemia, but this is less common than atherosclerosis. These emboli, or blood clots, can block blood flow to the heart muscle if they travel through the bloodstream.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Diltiazem does not increase the contractile force of the heart. In fact, it is classified as a negative inotrope, meaning it decreases the force of heart contractions.
Choice B rationale
While diltiazem can affect heart rhythm, it does not specifically reduce heart palpitations. Its primary effect is to slow the heart rate and relax the blood vessels.
Choice C rationale
Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used to manage cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension, chronic stable angina, atrial fibrillation, and Prinzmetal’s angina. It works by inhibiting the calcium influx into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle during depolarization. This results in vasodilation, or the widening of blood vessels, which can help decrease coronary artery spasms, a characteristic feature of Prinzmetal’s angina.
Choice D rationale
Diltiazem does not prevent the formation of plaque in the coronary arteries. It primarily acts to relax the blood vessels and slow the heart rate.

A. Advocate for a diet rich in saturated fats. B. Recommend cessation of smoking. C. Stress the importance of regular blood pressure monitoring. D. Highlight the importance of regular cholesterol screenings. E. Encourage regular physical exercise. F. Suggest no more than 5 alcoholic drinks a day.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Advocating for a diet rich in saturated fats is not a recommended strategy to prevent cardiovascular disease. Saturated fats can raise the level of cholesterol in your blood and increase your risk of heart disease.
Choice B rationale
Recommending cessation of smoking is a crucial intervention to prevent cardiovascular disease. Chemicals in tobacco can damage the heart and blood vessels, leading to narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis), which can ultimately lead to a heart attack.
Choice C rationale
Regular blood pressure monitoring is important as high blood pressure is a significant risk factor for heart disease. Controlling blood pressure helps ensure that your heart is not working harder than it should be, which can prevent damage to your heart and arteries.
Choice D rationale
Regular cholesterol screenings are essential because high levels of cholesterol can lead to the buildup of plaques in your arteries, increasing your risk of heart disease.
Choice E rationale
Regular physical exercise helps control your weight and can reduce your chances of developing other conditions that may put a strain on your heart, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes.
Choice F rationale
Suggesting no more than 5 alcoholic drinks a day is not a recommended strategy to prevent cardiovascular disease. In fact, it is advised to limit alcohol intake as excessive drinking can lead to high blood pressure, heart failure, or even stroke.

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What is the primary cause of myocardial ischemia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Diltiazem (Cardizem) has been prescribed for a patient newly diagnosed with Prinzmetal’s (variant) angina. What accurate action of diltiazem should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

As a nurse in a community-based setting, you are educating clients on strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease. Which interventions should you include? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A patient with severe pericarditis has developed a large pericardial effusion and is symptomatic. What type of procedure should the physician order to help treat this condition?

A nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone an angiogram. What should the nurse prioritize in assessing and documenting for this patient?

A nurse is caring for a client who has developed cardiac tamponade. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse expect to observe?

For a patient recovering from an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who inquires about safely resuming sexual intercourse, what would be the best response from the nurse?

If a patient diagnosed with hypertension is prescribed Propranolol (Inderal), what patient history should prompt the nurse to consult with the healthcare provider before administering this drug?

When teaching clients in a community-based setting strategies for preventing cardiovascular disease, which interventions should the nurse include?

A newborn frequently experiences cyanosis, typically during crying or after feeding. Which cardiac diagnosis is supported by this history?

A patient who has been experiencing chest pain for several hours is admitted with a diagnosis of rule out acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Which laboratory test is most specific for the nurse to monitor in determining whether the patient has had an AMI?