What is the primary function of gut microbiota?
Respiration
Digestion and immune function
Oxygen transport
Vision
The Correct Answer is B
A. Respiration: Respiration (gas exchange) is a physiological function of the lungs and blood, not the primary role of gut microbes.
B. Digestion and immune function: Gut microbiota help digest complex carbohydrates, produce metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acids), synthesize some vitamins, and shape immune development and responses.
C. Oxygen transport: Oxygen transport is performed by hemoglobin in red blood cells, not by gut microbes.
D. Vision: Vision is a function of the eyes and nervous system and is not a role of gut microbiota.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Nucleus: Contains the cell’s genetic material and regulates gene expression and cell activities, but does not act as the selective barrier for material exchange with the external environment.
B. Lysosome: Membrane-bound organelle with hydrolytic enzymes that digests macromolecules and damaged organelles; not responsible for controlling entry/exit of substances.
C. Plasma membrane: A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that provides selective permeability, transport channels, pumps, and mechanisms (endocytosis/exocytosis) controlling passage of materials into and out of the cell.
D. Cytoplasm: The intracellular fluid and organelle-containing matrix where metabolic reactions occur; it does not determine what crosses the cell boundary.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Standing, facing forward, arms at sides, palms forward: The anatomical position is the standard reference posture: standing erect, facing forward, arms at sides with palms facing anteriorly.
B. Lying face down: This is the prone position, not the anatomical position.
C. Sitting with arms crossed: This is a nonstandard posture and not used as the anatomical reference.
D. Sitting with palms backward: Anatomical position specifies standing and palms facing forward, not sitting with palms backward.
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