What is the primary structural difference between arteries and veins?
Arteries have thicker walls than veins.
Arteries have valves inside them.
Veins have thicker walls than arteries.
Veins have more elastic tissue than arteries.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Arteries have thicker walls than veins: Arteries have thick, muscular, and elastic walls to withstand high pressure from the heart’s pumping action. This structural feature allows them to maintain blood flow and pressure throughout the circulatory system.
B. Arteries have valves inside them: Arteries generally do not have valves because blood flows under high pressure from the heart. Valves are primarily found in veins to prevent backflow.
C. Veins have thicker walls than arteries: Veins have thinner walls than arteries since they carry blood under lower pressure. Their thinner walls allow veins to expand and accommodate larger volumes of blood.
D. Veins have more elastic tissue than arteries: Arteries contain more elastic tissue to handle pulsatile blood flow. Veins have less elastic tissue and rely on valves and surrounding muscles to help return blood to the heart.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Dermis: The dermis contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. While it supports skin function, the bluish discoloration seen in cyanosis occurs deeper, often related to oxygen-depleted blood in the capillaries of the subcutaneous tissue rather than the dermis itself.
B. Epidermis: The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and lacks blood vessels. Color changes in the skin due to oxygenation are not primarily visible in this layer because it does not contain the vascular structures responsible for cyanosis.
C. Subcutaneous layer: The subcutaneous layer, located beneath the dermis, contains small blood vessels and fat. Cyanosis, or bluish skin discoloration, occurs when there is insufficient oxygen in the blood, which is most noticeable in areas where subcutaneous vessels are close to the skin surface.
D. Muscle tissue: Muscle tissue lies beneath the subcutaneous layer and is not directly visible through the skin. Changes in skin color, such as bluish discoloration, are not primarily associated with muscle tissue but with superficial vascular changes.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Ball and socket joints: Ball and socket joints, such as the shoulder and hip, allow for a wide range of movement in multiple directions. They are synovial joints with a fluid-filled cavity, not primarily connected by cartilage for limited motion.
B. Synovial joints: Synovial joints have a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid and permit free movement. They include hinge, pivot, and ball-and-socket joints, providing more mobility than partial-movement joints.
C. Cartilaginous joints: Cartilaginous joints are connected by cartilage, allowing limited or partial movement. Examples include intervertebral discs and the pubic symphysis, providing stability while permitting slight flexibility.
D. Fibrous joints: Fibrous joints are connected by dense connective tissue and allow little to no movement. Examples include sutures in the skull, which provide strength and protection rather than flexibility.
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