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What type of adventitious lung sounds are typically heard in a client with bronchoconstriction?

A.

Bronchovesicular

B.

Wheezing

C.

Rales

D.

Bruit

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Bronchovesicular: Bronchovesicular sounds are normal breath sounds heard over central airways and are not adventitious findings of bronchoconstriction.

B. Wheezing:  Wheezes are high-pitched, musical sounds produced by airflow through narrowed airways and are commonly heard with bronchoconstriction (e.g., asthma).

C. Rales:  Rales (crackles) are discontinuous sounds often associated with fluid in the alveoli (e.g., pulmonary edema, pneumonia), not bronchoconstriction.

D. Bruit:  A bruit is an abnormal vascular sound heard over arteries and is unrelated to lung auscultation.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Opening of pulmonary and aortic valves: Valve opening is not what produces the heart sounds heard with a stethoscope; heart sounds relate to valve closure.

B. Opening of tricuspid and mitral valves: The sounds detected on auscultation are associated with valve closure events rather than openings.

C. Closure of tricuspid and mitral valves: S1 is produced by the closure of the atrioventricular valves (mitral and tricuspid) at the start of ventricular systole.

D. Closure of pulmonary and aortic valves: Closure of the semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonic) produces S2, which occurs at the end of systole.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Apply heat to bony prominences: Applying heat to pressure points can increase local tissue metabolic demand and may worsen ischemia; heat is not a preventive measure for pressure ulcers.

B. Reposition the client every 2 hours: Regular repositioning relieves prolonged pressure over bony prominences, redistributes weight, and is a primary preventive intervention to reduce pressure ulcer risk.

C. Massage reddened areas: Massaging areas of redness can further damage capillaries and underlying tissue and is generally discouraged; instead, avoid pressure and inspect frequently.

D. Increase fluid restriction: Adequate hydration supports skin integrity; restricting fluids can impair tissue perfusion and healing and would not prevent ulcers.

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