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Where are cells with aldosterone receptors found?

A.

Posterior pituitary

B.

Proximal convoluted tubule

C.

Distal convoluted tubule

D.

Adrenal medulla

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Posterior pituitary releases hormones such as ADH (antidiuretic hormone), but it does not have aldosterone receptors.

B. Proximal convoluted tubule is involved in reabsorption, but it does not have aldosterone receptors.

C. Distal convoluted tubule: Aldosterone receptors are found in the cells of the distal convoluted tubule. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in this part of the nephron, which helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance.

D. Adrenal medulla produces catecholamines (e.g., adrenaline) but does not contain aldosterone receptors.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Increased urine acidity: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) primarily affects water reabsorption in the kidneys, not urine acidity. It does not have a direct effect on the acidity of the urine.

B. Increased urine volume: ADH works to conserve water by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys, which decreases urine volume.

C. Increased urine salinity: While ADH does increase water reabsorption, which could concentrate the urine, its direct action is on water retention, not specifically on increasing urine salinity.

D. Decreased urine volume: ADH promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to decreased urine output. This is the direct and correct result of ADH action.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Mucosa (mucous membrane): The mucosa is the innermost layer of the digestive tract, not the outermost. It includes the epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosae.

B. Serosa (mesentery): The serosa is the outermost layer of the digestive tract in parts where it is covered by peritoneum. It consists of a thin layer of areolar tissue topped by simple squamous epithelium.

C. Muscularis externa: The muscularis externa is a layer of muscle in the digestive tract, located beneath the serosa. It is not the outermost layer.

D. Submucosa: The submucosa is a layer of connective tissue located between the mucosa and muscularis externa. It is not the outermost layer.

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