Where does air pick up moisture and heat from the mucosa?.
Conchae or turbinates.
Sphenoid.
Nasopharynx.
Oropharynx.
The Correct Answer is A
Answer and explanation
The correct answer is Choice A.
Choice A rationale:
The conchae or turbinates are structures in the nasal cavity that increase the surface area of the mucosa exposed to the air. As air passes over the mucosa, it picks up moisture and heat, which helps to humidify and warm the air before it reaches the lungs.
Choice B rationale:
The sphenoid is a bone located at the base of the skull. It does not have a direct role in the heating or humidification of air.
Choice C rationale:
The nasopharynx is part of the pharynx that connects the nasal cavity to the throat. While it does play a role in the passage of air from the nose to the lungs, it is not the primary site where air picks up moisture and heat.
Choice D rationale:
The oropharynx is another part of the pharynx, located below the nasopharynx. It is involved in both respiratory and digestive processes, but it is not the main site where air picks up moisture and heat.
So, the correct answer is Choice A, after analyzing all choices.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Innate immunity is not an acquired immunity. Acquired immunity refers to immunity that develops after exposure to a specific pathogen.
Choice B rationale:
Innate immunity does not retain a memory of a pathogen after defeating it. This is a characteristic of adaptive immunity.
Choice C rationale:
Innate immunity does not offer protection against a particular pathogen. It provides a general defense against a wide range of invaders.
Choice D rationale:
Innate immunity is present at birth. It provides a fast response that involves first- and second-line defenses.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is: c. Air flows into the lungs.
Choice A: A pneumothorax forms, collapsing the lungs.
A pneumothorax occurs when air enters the pleural space, the area between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition is typically caused by trauma or a spontaneous rupture of a lung bleb, not by a drop in lung pressure below atmospheric pressure. When the pressure in the lungs drops below atmospheric pressure, it facilitates the inflow of air into the lungs, not the collapse of the lungs.
Choice B: The bronchioles constrict, causing respiratory distress.
Bronchiolar constriction, or bronchoconstriction, is a narrowing of the airways in the lungs due to the tightening of surrounding smooth muscle. This can cause respiratory distress and is commonly seen in conditions like asthma. However, this is not directly related to the pressure changes in the lungs relative to atmospheric pressure. The primary effect of a drop in lung pressure below atmospheric pressure is the inflow of air, not bronchoconstriction.
Choice C: Air flows into the lungs.
When the pressure in the lungs drops below atmospheric pressure, a pressure gradient is created that allows air to flow into the lungs. This process is known as inspiration or inhalation. The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity, thereby decreasing the pressure within the lungs relative to the outside atmosphere, causing air to rush in.
Choice D: Air flows out of the lungs.
Air flows out of the lungs, or expiration, occurs when the pressure inside the lungs exceeds atmospheric pressure. This happens when the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, decreasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and increasing the pressure within the lungs. This is the opposite of what happens when lung pressure drops below atmospheric pressure.
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