Which condition most likely caused pre-renal acute kidney injury?

Ureterolithiasis

Heart failure

lomerulonephritis

Aminoglycoside toxicity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Ureterolithiasis: Obstruction of the urinary tract can cause post-renal acute kidney injury, not pre-renal. Kidney perfusion is initially unaffected until backpressure damages the nephrons. This is not the typical cause of pre-renal AKI.

B. Heart failure: Heart failure reduces cardiac output, leading to decreased renal perfusion. This hypoperfusion is the hallmark of pre-renal acute kidney injury. The kidneys themselves are structurally normal, but reduced blood flow impairs function.

C. Glomerulonephritis: Glomerulonephritis is an intrinsic renal disorder affecting the glomeruli. It causes intrinsic AKI rather than pre-renal injury. Perfusion is usually adequate, but inflammation damages kidney tissue.

D. Aminoglycoside toxicity: Aminoglycosides can cause intrinsic renal injury by directly damaging renal tubular cells. This represents intrinsic AKI, not pre-renal hypoperfusion. Monitoring drug levels helps prevent this complication.

Nursing Test Bank

Test Bank #1: RN Pharmacology Exams Test Bank #2: RN Medical-Surgical Exams Test Bank #3: RN Fundamentals Exams Test Bank #4: RN Maternal-Newborn Exams Test Bank #5: RN Anatomy and Physiology Exams Test Bank #6: RN Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Test Bank #7: RN Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Test Bank #9: RN Adult Health Test Bank #10: RN Dosage Calculation Test Bank #11: RN Community Health Exams Test Bank #12: RN Psychology Exams Test Bank #13: RN Nursing Care Of Children Test Bank #14: RN Foundations of Nursing Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Exam #1: RN Comprehensive predictor 2023 proctored exam Exam #2: Ati rn vati comprehensive predictor proctored exam Exam #3: Ati Rn Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam 2023 Exam #4: Rn Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Proctored Exam - St. Joseph Exam #5: RN Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam (National U CA San Diego) Exam #6: Ati rn comprehensive predictor 2023 retake proctored exam Exam #7: RN Hesi Exit Proctored Exam Exam #8: Hesi RN Exit proctored exam Exam #9: Hesi rn exit proctored exam Exam #10: Hesi Rn compass exit B proctored exam

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. preventing hypertension: While managing blood pressure is important in heart failure, the immediate concern with elevated BUN and creatinine is renal perfusion, not hypertension. Blood pressure control alone does not correct the underlying cause of kidney injury.

B. diluting nephrotoxic substances: Dilution may reduce risk from nephrotoxins, but in heart failure, fluid overload is a concern. This approach does not address the primary issue of reduced renal perfusion caused by low cardiac output.

C. replacing fluid volume: Fluid replacement in severe heart failure could worsen pulmonary edema and increase cardiac workload. The problem is not fluid deficit but inadequate perfusion to the kidneys due to poor cardiac output.

D. maintaining adequate cardiac output: Elevated BUN and creatinine in heart failure indicate reduced renal perfusion. Ensuring adequate cardiac output improves blood flow to the kidneys, supporting filtration and preventing further renal injury. This is the priority goal in care planning.

A. 36% B. 18% C. 30% D. 27%

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. 36%: This would overestimate the burned area. The Rule of Nines assigns 18% to the entire anterior trunk and 9% to each entire arm. Only the anterior surfaces are involved here, so this value is too high.

B. 18%: This only accounts for the anterior trunk. The anterior aspects of both arms add additional surface area, so 18% underestimates the total burned area.

C. 30%: This does not accurately sum the anterior surfaces. Each arm’s anterior surface is approximately 4.5%, and the anterior trunk is 18%, totaling less than 30%.

D. 27%: Using the Rule of Nines, the anterior trunk is 18%, and the anterior surfaces of both arms are 4.5% each (total 9%). Adding these together gives 27%.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

Which condition most likely caused pre-renal acute kidney injury?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with severe heart failure develops elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels. The nurse will plan care to meet the goal of

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client is brought to the emergency department with partial-thickness and full-thickness burns on the anterior surface of both arms and anterior trunk. Using the Rule of Nines, what is the total body surface area that has been burned?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse notes that a client with a head injury and periorbital ecchymosis has clear nasal drainage. Which nursing action is most appropriate upon this finding?

Which of the following clients are at risk for hepatitis D?

A client who has acute glomerulonephritis is hospitalized with acute kidney injury (AKI) and hyperkalemia. Which information will the nurse obtain to evaluate the effectiveness of the prescribed calcium gluconate IV?

Which client should the nurse prioritize as needing emergent treatment assuming no other injuries are present except the ones outlined below?

A client with spinal cord injury is ready to be discharged home. What are the potential complications that should be monitored for in this client?

A client in neurogenic shock secondary to a spinal cord injury continues to have a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 50 mmHg. To assess for the onset of acute kidney injury, what laboratory findings should be reviewed?

A client who is in shock is receiving norepinephrine in addition to IV fluids. What principle should influence the nurse's care planning during the administration of a vasoactive drug?

A 72 kg client with 60% severe thermal burns has crystalloid fluid replacement ordered using the American Burn Association (ABA) formula. The nurse will initially set the IV pump at ________ mL/hr for the first 8 hours.