Which individual can be at an increased risk for abuse? (Select all that apply.)

A. Ovary infection: Pain from ovarian infection, such as pelvic inflammatory disease, is typically located in the lower abdomen or pelvic region. It does not radiate to the costovertebral angle, which is higher and more posterior.

B. Liver enlargement: An enlarged liver, or hepatomegaly, usually causes discomfort or fullness in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. It does not produce sharp pain at the costovertebral angle.

C. Spleen enlargement: Splenomegaly leads to pain or discomfort in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen, sometimes radiating to the shoulder. It does not cause pain localized at the costovertebral angle.

D. Kidney inflammation: Pain at the costovertebral angle is a hallmark sign of kidney involvement, such as pyelonephritis or other renal inflammation. The location corresponds directly to where the kidneys lie posteriorly.

A. Anthropometric measures: These are useful for ongoing monitoring of nutritional status e.g., skinfold thickness, arm circumference but are not the first step in an initial screening for a patient without prior nutrition problems.

B. Calorie count of nutrients: A detailed calorie and nutrient count is more advanced and usually reserved for patients with identified risks or specific dietary concerns.

C. Measurement of weight and weight history: Initial nutritional screening focuses on simple but informative data, such as current weight, weight history, and recent weight changes, which are strong indicators of nutritional risk.

D. Complete physical examination: A full physical exam is beyond the scope of initial nutrition screening and is not necessary unless risk factors or abnormalities are detected.