Which of the following are not acetylcholinergic side effects of diphenhydramine?
Paradoxical excitation
Dry mouth
Blurry vision
All of these are acetylcholinergic side effects of diphenhydramine
The Correct Answer is A
A. Paradoxical excitation: This is a central nervous system effect rather than an anticholinergic effect. Some patients, especially children and older adults, may experience agitation, hyperactivity, or insomnia after taking diphenhydramine, which is unrelated to its anticholinergic properties.
B. Dry mouth: Dry mouth is a classic anticholinergic side effect caused by diphenhydramine’s inhibition of muscarinic receptors, which reduces salivary secretion and leads to discomfort and difficulty swallowing.
C. Blurry vision: Blurred vision occurs due to anticholinergic-induced relaxation of the ciliary muscles and pupillary dilation, which impairs near vision and accommodation. It is a direct consequence of diphenhydramine’s cholinergic blockade.
D. All of these are acetylcholinergic side effects of diphenhydramine: This is incorrect because paradoxical excitation is not an anticholinergic effect but a CNS stimulant-like reaction. Dry mouth and blurry vision are true anticholinergic effects.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Patient is 13 years old: Adolescents can generally use self-care measures for mild musculoskeletal pain if no red flags are present. Age alone, especially above 12 years, does not automatically exclude a patient from appropriate OTC or non-pharmacologic management.
B. Arm pain that has lasted 5 days: Acute musculoskeletal pain lasting less than 7 days without worsening severity or associated complications is typically appropriate for self-treatment. Monitoring and conservative management are usually sufficient within this timeframe.
C. Pelvic pain for 3 days: Pelvic pain is not typically classified as simple musculoskeletal pain and may indicate underlying conditions involving reproductive, urinary, or gastrointestinal systems. This requires further medical evaluation rather than self-care, making it an exclusion.
D. Pain Scale Score 4/10: Mild to moderate pain (generally ≤5/10) is considered appropriate for self-care with analgesics and supportive measures. This level of pain does not suggest severe pathology requiring immediate medical evaluation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Coronavirus: Dextromethorphan does not treat viral infections such as coronavirus. While it may help manage a symptom like a cough, it has no antiviral properties or effect on the underlying infection.
B. Allergic rhinitis: Allergic rhinitis is primarily treated with antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, or decongestants. Dextromethorphan does not address nasal congestion, sneezing, or histamine-mediated symptoms.
C. Nonproductive cough: Dextromethorphan is an antitussive that suppresses the cough reflex, making it effective for dry, nonproductive coughs where coughing provides no benefit and causes discomfort or sleep disturbance.
D. Ineffective productive cough: In a productive cough, suppression with dextromethorphan is not recommended because coughing helps clear secretions from the airways. Using it in this situation could worsen airway obstruction or infection risk.
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