Which of the following best describes the relationship between blood pressure, peripheral resistance, and blood flow?
Blood flow decreases with increased blood pressure.
Blood pressure increases as peripheral resistance increases.
Peripheral resistance increases with decreased blood flow.
Peripheral resistance decreases with increased blood pressure.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Blood flow decreases with increased blood pressure:
Increased blood pressure alone does not necessarily decrease flow; flow depends on pressure gradient and resistance.
B. Blood pressure increases as peripheral resistance increases:
Blood pressure is directly proportional to cardiac output and peripheral resistance (BP = CO × PR). Vasoconstriction increases resistance, raising arterial pressure, while vasodilation lowers it.
C. Peripheral resistance increases with decreased blood flow:
Resistance depends on vessel diameter and viscosity, not directly on blood flow.
D. Peripheral resistance decreases with increased blood pressure:
Peripheral resistance can remain constant or increase; increased blood pressure does not automatically decrease resistance.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Conduction system of the heart:
The conduction system controls the rhythm and timing of heart contractions, not fluid balance or edema formation. Impairment would cause arrhythmias rather than peripheral edema.
B. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system:
The RAAS regulates blood volume and sodium/water retention. Overactivation can lead to fluid retention and peripheral edema, especially in conditions like heart failure. Impaired RAAS can also contribute to inadequate compensation for low blood pressure.
C. Colloid osmotic pressure:
Colloid osmotic pressure, mainly from plasma proteins like albumin, maintains fluid within capillaries. Low osmotic pressure can cause edema, but in the context of BP regulation, RAAS dysfunction is more directly related.
D. Baroreceptor reflex:
Baroreceptors detect rapid changes in BP and initiate autonomic responses, but they do not directly cause edema in chronic blood pressure dysregulation.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. To pump blood to the lungs for oxygenation:
The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs. The left ventricle is responsible for systemic circulation.
B. To receive deoxygenated blood from the body:
The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the systemic veins.
C. To regulate heart rhythm:
Heart rhythm is controlled by the SA and AV nodes and the conduction system, not the ventricles themselves.
D. To pump oxygenated blood into systemic circulation:
The left ventricle has thick muscular walls that generate the high pressure needed to pump oxygen-rich blood through the aorta and systemic arteries to the entire body. Dysfunction leads to decreased perfusion and signs of left-sided heart failure.
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