Which of the following can contribute to elevated blood pressure? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
Caffeine use
Tobacco use
Acetaminophen use
OTC decongestant use
Correct Answer : A,B,D
A. Caffeine use: Caffeine can cause transient increases in blood pressure by stimulating the central nervous system and causing vasoconstriction. Frequent consumption may contribute to sustained hypertension in sensitive individuals.
B. Tobacco use: Nicotine from tobacco acutely raises blood pressure and heart rate through sympathetic nervous system stimulation. Chronic use contributes to vascular damage and long-term hypertension risk.
C. Acetaminophen use: Acetaminophen generally does not have a significant impact on blood pressure. It is considered safe for analgesia in patients with hypertension and is not a contributing factor to elevated blood pressure.
D. OTC decongestant use: Over-the-counter decongestants, such as pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine, cause vasoconstriction and can acutely raise blood pressure. They should be used with caution in patients with hypertension.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Lower risk of hospitalizations: Traumatic falls in adults ≥65 years are associated with higher rates of emergency visits, hospital admissions, and complications such as fractures and head injuries, rather than a reduced hospitalization risk.
B. Increased medication use: Although medication use may increase after a fall due to pain management or new diagnoses, this is a consequence of injury management and comorbidities, not a complication syndrome directly resulting from the fall event itself.
C. Development of “Post-Fall Anxiety” Syndrome: Older adults commonly develop fear of falling after a traumatic fall, leading to anxiety, reduced mobility, activity avoidance, and loss of independence, which can further increase fall risk and functional decline.
D. Decreased nursing home admissions: Falls in older adults increase the likelihood of functional impairment, disability, and need for long-term care placement, making decreased nursing home admissions inconsistent with known outcomes.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Integrative Medicine: Integrative medicine combines conventional medical treatments with complementary therapies in a coordinated approach, but it is not limited to board-certified physicians providing orthodox care.
B. Allopathic Medicine: Allopathic medicine refers to conventional or mainstream medicine in which physicians are trained, licensed, and board-certified to diagnose, treat, and prevent disease using evidence-based interventions such as medications, surgery, and standard therapies.
C. Alternative Medicine: Alternative medicine involves non-conventional practices used instead of standard medical treatments, such as herbal remedies or acupuncture alone, and is not synonymous with physician-led orthodox care.
D. Complementary Medicine: Complementary medicine involves non-mainstream therapies used alongside conventional treatments to enhance health outcomes, but it does not describe the standard, physician-driven medical model outlined in the definition.
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