Which of the following designs has the greatest strength in determining whether an intervention is effective?
Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
Case study
Expert opinion
Clinical guidelines
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: RCTs are considered the gold standard for evaluating intervention efficacy because they minimize bias through randomization and control groups, providing high-quality evidence of causality.
Choice B reason: Case studies provide descriptive information about individual patients but lack control groups, making it impossible to determine causality.
Choice C reason: Expert opinion is based on clinical experience and lacks empirical testing, making it a weaker form of evidence for intervention effectiveness.
Choice D reason: Clinical guidelines synthesize evidence but rely on the strength of underlying studies; they do not directly provide experimental evidence themselves.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: The Vanderbilt Assessment Scales are widely used standardized rating scales for diagnosing ADHD in children, incorporating parent and teacher reports of symptoms and impairment.
Choice B reason: COWS (Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale) is used to assess opioid withdrawal, unrelated to ADHD.
Choice C reason: CIWA (Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment) is used to assess alcohol withdrawal, not ADHD.
Choice D reason: DISC (Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children) is a structured psychiatric interview, less commonly used for routine ADHD assessment compared to the Vanderbilt Scales.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Colocation refers to offering multiple services at the same physical location but does not necessarily integrate care or address all aspects of health.
Choice B reason: Outreach involves engaging individuals in the community but may not include full integration of medical and mental health services.
Choice C reason: Integrated care combines mental health and medical services to improve overall functioning, often including additional supports such as dental and pharmacy services, making it the correct strategy.
Choice D reason: Prevention focuses on stopping homelessness before it occurs rather than providing comprehensive integrated care for those already affected.
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