Which of the following does not contain B cells?
lymph nodes
spleen
tonsil
all of the above contain B cells
thymus
The Correct Answer is E
A. Lymph nodes: Lymph nodes contain both B and T lymphocytes. B cells are primarily found in the outer cortex, where they can respond to antigens and undergo clonal expansion.
B. Spleen: The spleen houses B cells in the white pulp, where they encounter antigens from the blood and can differentiate into plasma cells to produce antibodies.
C. Tonsil: Tonsils contain B cells within lymphoid follicles. They contribute to immune responses against pathogens entering through the oral and nasal cavities.
D. All of the above contain B cells: This is incorrect because not all the listed organs contain B cells. Most secondary lymphoid organs do, but the thymus is an exception.
E. Thymus: The thymus primarily supports the maturation of T lymphocytes. It does not contain B cells in significant numbers and is considered a primary lymphoid organ for T cell development.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Emotions:Emotional states, such as stress or anxiety, stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, increasing heart rate and thus affecting the pulse rate. Emotional fluctuations can cause measurable changes in pulse readings.
B. Activity:Physical activity raises heart rate to meet the increased oxygen and nutrient demands of tissues. Pulse rate typically rises during exercise and decreases with rest, making activity a significant factor.
C. The vessel selected to palpate:The choice of vessel (e.g., radial, carotid, brachial) does not inherently alter the actual heart rate; it only provides a site to detect the pulse. Pulse readings reflect heart rate regardless of which accessible artery is used.
D. Postural changes:Changes in body position, such as standing or sitting, can temporarily influence heart rate due to shifts in venous return and baroreceptor responses. This makes postural changes a relevant factor in pulse rate variability.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Regulatory T cells:Regulatory T cells suppress immune responses and promote tolerance to self and foreign antigens. They help prevent excessive immune reactions, including tissue rejection, making them least likely to cause rejection after an organ transplant.
B. Natural killer cells:NK cells can recognize and destroy cells lacking normal MHC expression, including transplanted tissue. They contribute to early immune responses that may lead to graft rejection.
C. B cells:B cells produce antibodies against foreign antigens on transplanted tissue, leading to humoral-mediated rejection. Their activity can directly damage the graft and trigger complement-mediated injury.
D. Cytotoxic T cells:Cytotoxic T cells recognize foreign MHC molecules on transplanted tissue and destroy those cells. They play a central role in cellular-mediated graft rejection and are a major contributor to transplant failure.
E. Macrophages:Macrophages are recruited to the graft site, where they participate in inflammation, antigen presentation, and tissue destruction. Their activity supports both cellular and humoral mechanisms of transplant rejection.
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