Which of the following findings indicates the client's condition has improved? Select all that apply.

Latex allergy is an immune-mediated hypersensitivity reaction that can range from mild skin irritation to severe anaphylaxis. Certain individuals have a higher risk of developing latex sensitivity due to cross-reactivity between latex proteins and specific food allergens. Preoperative assessment is essential because exposure to latex-containing products during surgery can trigger life-threatening reactions. Identifying risk factors early allows for appropriate precautions in the perioperative setting.

A. Wheezing after eating peanuts suggests a systemic IgE-mediated allergic response, and peanuts are part of the “latex–fruit syndrome” due to cross-reactivity between latex proteins and certain foods. Individuals with allergies to peanuts, bananas, avocados, and chestnuts are at increased risk for latex sensitivity. This history places the client at higher risk for a latex allergy.

B. Trouble urinating after eating acidic foods is not related to allergic reactions but may suggest bladder irritation or sensitivity. This is not an immune-mediated response and has no association with latex allergy. Therefore, it does not indicate increased risk.

C. Diarrhea after eating scrambled eggs may suggest a food intolerance or possible egg allergy, but it is not associated with cross-reactivity to latex. While food allergies are important, eggs are not part of the known latex cross-reactive food group. This does not indicate increased latex allergy risk.

D. Skin rash after eating strawberries may indicate a mild food allergy or histamine reaction, but strawberries are not strongly associated with latex cross-reactivity. Although it reflects a possible allergic tendency, it is not a known risk factor for latex allergy compared to foods like bananas or peanuts.

This client experiencing an acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) presents with classic manifestations of myocardial ischemia including chest pain radiating to the left arm, diaphoresis, dyspnea, elevated cardiac biomarkers, and ECG evidence of ST-segment elevation. Immediate priorities include restoring myocardial oxygen supply, reducing cardiac workload, controlling pain, and monitoring for life-threatening dysrhythmias. Nursing care must distinguish between urgent interventions needed during acute MI and treatments that are either unnecessary or inappropriate for the current hemodynamic state.

• Metoprolol 5 mg every 2 to 3 min up to three doses: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker used to reduce heart rate, blood pressure, and myocardial oxygen demand during acute MI. The client is tachycardic and hypertensive, which increases cardiac workload and worsens ischemia. Slowing the heart rate improves coronary perfusion and decreases risk of dysrhythmias.

• Oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula: The client’s oxygen saturation is 93% on room air, indicating mild hypoxemia during active myocardial ischemia. Supplemental oxygen helps improve oxygen delivery to ischemic myocardial tissue and reduces further injury. Oxygen therapy is especially important when dyspnea and shortness of breath are present.

• Draw electrolytes along with Hgb and Hct: Electrolytes such as potassium and magnesium are essential to monitor because abnormalities can worsen cardiac dysrhythmias during MI. Hemoglobin and hematocrit help evaluate oxygen-carrying capacity and detect anemia, which could worsen myocardial oxygen deprivation. These laboratory studies support safe cardiac management and ongoing monitoring. This is an appropriate anticipated prescription.

• Morphine 6 mg IV bolus every 3 hr as needed for pain: Morphine is used in acute MI to relieve chest pain, reduce anxiety, and decrease sympathetic nervous system stimulation. Pain increases myocardial oxygen demand, so controlling pain helps reduce cardiac workload. Morphine also causes venodilation, which may reduce preload and cardiac stress.

• Nitroglycerin 0.4 mg SL now may repeat every 5 min up to 3 doses: Nitroglycerin helps relieve ischemic chest pain by dilating coronary arteries and reducing preload, which decreases myocardial oxygen demand. It is a first-line medication in acute coronary syndrome when blood pressure is adequate. The client’s BP is elevated, making nitroglycerin appropriate and safe. Repeated dosing is standard if pain persists.

• Obtain daily weight: Daily weight is useful in monitoring fluid balance in conditions such as heart failure, but it is not an immediate priority during acute STEMI management. The urgent focus should be oxygenation, pain relief, reperfusion, and dysrhythmia prevention. Since the client has clear lungs and no signs of fluid overload, daily weight does not address the acute emergency.

• Atropine 0.5 mg IV bolus every 5 min up to 2 mg: Atropine is primarily used to treat symptomatic bradycardia by increasing heart rate. This client is already tachycardic with a heart rate of 110/min and an irregular rhythm. Giving atropine would further increase heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand, worsening ischemia and increasing risk of complications. Therefore, atropine is contraindicated in this situation.