Which of the following is not a role of calcium in the body?
It participates in muscle contraction.
It is a significant component of nucleic acids.
They serve as second messengers.
It activates exocytosis.
It is important in blood clotting.
The Correct Answer is B
A. It participates in muscle contraction: Calcium binds to troponin, enabling contraction.
B. It is a significant component of nucleic acids: Calcium is not a structural part of DNA or RNA; phosphate is.
C. They serve as second messengers: Calcium ions act as second messengers in various signaling pathways.
D. It activates exocytosis: Calcium triggers neurotransmitter and hormone release by promoting vesicle fusion.
E. It is important in blood clotting: Calcium is essential for several steps in the coagulation cascade.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Oropharynx: The oropharynx is the middle section of the pharynx, located posterior to the oral cavity and extending from the soft palate to the epiglottis.
B. Nasopharynx: The nasopharynx is the uppermost part of the pharynx, located posterior to the nasal cavity and above the soft palate. The highlighted structure in the image lies just behind the nasal cavity and in front of the cervical spine, matching the location of the nasopharynx.
C. Hypopharynx: The hypopharynx (laryngopharynx) is the lower part of the pharynx, located below the oropharynx and above the esophagus, behind the larynx.
D. Esophagus: The esophagus is the muscular tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach. It lies inferior and posterior to the larynx and trachea.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Heat exhaustion: Usually presents with heavy sweating, weakness, and dizziness, but not hot, dry skin or unconsciousness.
B. Heat stroke: Characterized by body temperature >104°F, hot and dry skin (due to failed thermoregulation), and altered mental status or unconsciousness.
C. Hypothermia: Occurs in cold environments, not in extreme heat and humidity.
D. Heat cramps: Painful muscle contractions without loss of consciousness or dry skin; usually milder.
E. Fever: Usually due to infection and not associated with environmental temperature or unconsciousness.
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