Which of the following signs and symptoms is associated with hyperparathyroidism?
Constipation
Severe headaches
Diarrhea
Weight gain
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Hyperparathyroidism causes elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, which lead to hypercalcemia. High calcium levels can slow smooth muscle activity in the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in constipation. Other gastrointestinal symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, all related to calcium imbalance.
B. While hypercalcemia can cause nonspecific symptoms like fatigue or mild cognitive changes, severe headaches are not a primary manifestation of hyperparathyroidism. Headaches may occur due to other causes but are not diagnostic for this condition.
C. Hyperparathyroidism typically slows GI motility rather than increasing it. Diarrhea is not associated with hypercalcemia; in fact, constipation is more common.
D. Hyperparathyroidism does not directly cause weight gain. Some patients may experience loss of appetite or fatigue due to hypercalcemia, but weight gain is not a characteristic symptom.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is []
Explanation
Rationale:
The client’s report of sharp pain rated 7/10, guarding behavior, and difficulty moving are classic indicators of acute postoperative pain. The slightly elevated temperature and stable incision site suggest inflammation from surgery rather than infection or wound complications.
Administering prescribed IV morphine is appropriate for managing moderate to severe postoperative pain, as opioids act on central nervous system receptors to reduce pain perception. Educating the client on breathing techniques helps prevent complications such as atelectasis and reduces pain associated with movement by promoting relaxation and proper oxygenation.
Monitoring pain level allows evaluation of the effectiveness of analgesic therapy and guides further interventions. Monitoring respiratory rate is essential when administering opioids because of the risk of respiratory depression, ensuring safe and effective pain management.
Correct Answer is []
Explanation
Rationale:
The client’s symptoms of petechiae, easy bruising, fatigue, and increased menstrual bleeding are classic findings of thrombocytopenia, particularly immune thrombocytopenia, which involves immune-mediated platelet destruction. The absence of abnormal vital signs supports a hematologic disorder rather than an acute infectious or shock state.
Initiating bleeding precautions is essential because low platelet levels significantly increase the risk of spontaneous bleeding. Administering immunoglobulins helps reduce platelet destruction by modulating the immune response and is a standard treatment for immune thrombocytopenia.
Monitoring platelet counts provides a direct measure of disease severity and response to therapy. Observing for signs of bruising or bleeding helps evaluate clinical progression and detect complications early, ensuring timely intervention.
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