Which one of the following conditions is a component of the TORCH infections that can affect a growing fetus, resulting in congenital anomalies?
Chlamydia.
Rabies.
Influenza.
Varicella Zoster.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Chlamydia trachomatis is a common bacterial sexually transmitted infection. While it can cause complications for the newborn, such as conjunctivitis and pneumonia, it is not considered one of the TORCH infections. The acronym TORCH stands for Toxoplasmosis, Other agents (like syphilis, parvovirus B19, varicella-zoster virus), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes simplex virus. Chlamydia is not part of this specific group of congenital infections, although it is an important cause of neonatal morbidity.
Choice B rationale
Rabies is a viral disease that affects the central nervous system. Transmission to humans typically occurs through the bite of an infected animal. While rabies is a serious and often fatal disease, it is not a component of the TORCH infections. The TORCH infections are a specific group of pathogens known for their ability to cross the placenta and cause congenital malformations and other fetal health issues, a category that does not include rabies.
Choice C rationale
Influenza is a viral respiratory illness. While it can cause serious illness in pregnant women and has been associated with poor pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birth weight, it is not one of the designated TORCH infections. The TORCH group specifically includes agents that are known to cause a predictable pattern of congenital anomalies and neonatal diseases following transplacental transmission. Influenza does not typically fall into this category.
Choice D rationale
Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) is the causative agent of both chickenpox and shingles. It is included under the "O" (Other) in the TORCH acronym. If a pregnant woman contracts primary varicella infection, the virus can cross the placenta and cause congenital varicella syndrome. This syndrome can lead to serious congenital anomalies, including limb hypoplasia, neurological abnormalities, and ocular defects, making it a significant threat to the fetus. *.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Uterine tachysystole is correctly defined as more than five contractions in ten minutes, averaged over a thirty-minute period. However, magnesium sulfate is not the initial intervention. Magnesium sulfate is primarily used for seizure prophylaxis in preeclampsia and to a lesser extent as a tocolytic, but not for tachysystole management. The primary interventions involve non-pharmacological methods and reducing uterine stimulants.
Choice B rationale
Hypotonic contractions are characterized by a low frequency (fewer than 3 contractions in 10 minutes) and intensity. Terbutaline, a beta-2 adrenergic agonist, is used to inhibit uterine contractions and is indicated for tachysystole, not hypotonic contractions. Therefore, this choice misidentifies the condition and provides an inappropriate intervention for hypotonic labor.
Choice C rationale
This choice incorrectly defines tachysystole as less than three contractions in ten minutes. This description actually aligns with hypotonic uterine dysfunction. The intervention of increasing oxytocin is aimed at stimulating labor in cases of hypotonic dysfunction, not at resolving tachysystole which is caused by excessive uterine activity.
Choice D rationale
This statement accurately defines uterine tachysystole as more than five contractions in ten minutes over a thirty-minute period. The initial intervention for this condition is to discontinue or reduce any uterine stimulants, such as oxytocin, and to reposition the patient to improve uteroplacental perfusion. This is done to prevent fetal distress due to reduced oxygen delivery from persistent uterine contractions. *.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This choice is incorrect because a normal weight woman should gain 1 pound per week in the second and third trimester and 2 to 4 pounds in the first trimester. The total weight gain should be between 25 and 35 pounds. The weight gain of 5-10 pounds in the second and third trimesters is too low.
Choice B rationale
This is an incorrect recommendation because a pregnant woman with a normal BMI should gain an average of 1 pound per week during the second and third trimesters. The total weight gain should be 25 to 35 pounds. In the first trimester, the average weight gain is 2 to 4 pounds, which is a significant difference.
Choice C rationale
This choice is the most correct. The standard recommendation for weight gain for a pregnant woman with a normal BMI (18.5-24.9) is a total of 25 to 35 pounds. This is distributed as a gain of 2 to 4 pounds during the first trimester, followed by a gain of approximately 1 pound per week during the second and third trimesters.
Choice D rationale
Even if a client has lost weight, there is still a recommendation for weight gain during the pregnancy. The standard recommendation for weight gain for a pregnant woman with a normal BMI is 25 to 35 pounds. The client's nutritional status should be assessed, and a plan should be implemented to ensure adequate weight gain for the health of the mother and fetus
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