Which statement best describes an isotope?
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
Atoms with the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons
Atoms with different atomic numbers but the same mass number
Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures
The Correct Answer is A
A. Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons: Isotopes are variants of the same element that have identical numbers of protons (same atomic number) but differ in neutron count, resulting in different mass numbers while retaining chemical properties.
B. Atoms with the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons: This describes different elements that may have similar mass but are chemically distinct due to differing proton numbers.
C. Atoms with different atomic numbers but the same mass number: Atoms with different atomic numbers are different elements, and having the same mass number does not make them isotopes; these are called isobars.
D. Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures: This describes isomers, which are compounds, not isotopes, and refers to chemical structure variation rather than nuclear composition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. It stores glucose for later use: Glucose is primarily stored in the liver and muscles as glycogen, not directly in the pancreas. The pancreas regulates blood glucose through hormone secretion rather than storage.
B. It converts glucose into amino acids: The pancreas does not convert glucose into amino acids; its role in glucose regulation is hormonal control through insulin and glucagon.
C. It secretes insulin to lower blood glucose levels: The pancreas contains beta cells in the islets of Langerhans that secrete insulin in response to elevated blood glucose. Insulin facilitates cellular glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, and helps maintain homeostasis.
D. It secretes glucagon to increase blood glucose levels: Alpha cells in the pancreas secrete glucagon to raise blood glucose when levels are low, but the primary immediate role in lowering high blood glucose is through insulin secretion.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Adipose storage: Adipose tissue is mainly stored in the subcutaneous layer, which may be partially affected in a burn, but the immediate concern is not fat storage.
B. Temperature regulation: Burns damage the skin’s sweat glands and blood vessels, which are essential for thermoregulation, leading to impaired heat dissipation and increased risk of hypothermia or hyperthermia.
C. Melanin production: Melanin is produced by melanocytes in the epidermis, but while pigmentation may be affected, it is not critical to immediate survival compared to thermoregulation.
D. Collagen synthesis: Collagen production occurs in the dermis for structural support and wound healing, but the primary immediate compromise in a burn is the skin’s ability to regulate temperature.
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