Which two hormones are released by the adrenal medulla during a fight or flight response?

a. I, IV, and VII: Cranial nerve I (Olfactory) is involved in the sense of smell, not eye movement. Cranial nerve VII (Facial) controls facial expressions, not eye movement. Cranial nerve IV (Trochlear) does control one of the extraocular muscles.

b. V and V: This is not a valid option, as it repeats the same cranial nerve. Cranial nerve V (Trigeminal) is involved in facial sensation and chewing, not eye movement.

c. IV and V: Cranial nerve IV (Trochlear) is involved in eye movement, but cranial nerve V (Trigeminal) is not.

d. III, IV, and VI: Correct. Cranial nerve III (Oculomotor), cranial nerve IV (Trochlear), and cranial nerve VI (Abducens) all control the extraocular muscles responsible for eye movements.

a. Releases hydrogen ions: Releasing hydrogen ions (H⁺) into the solution would lower the pH, making the solution more acidic. This is not the correct way to normalize a slightly acidic pH of 7.30.

b. Blinds hydrogen ions: This is likely a typographical error, and it should be "binds hydrogen ions." Binding hydrogen ions (H⁺) would reduce the concentration of free hydrogen ions in the solution, thereby raising the pH and making the solution less acidic. This is the correct mechanism to normalize the pH of 7.30 to a more neutral level.

c. Creates additional hydrogen ions: Creating additional hydrogen ions would further lower the pH, making the solution more acidic. This is not how a buffer system would normalize a slightly acidic pH.

d. Destroys excess hydrogen ions: While this option might seem correct, it is not typically how chemical buffer systems operate. Buffer systems usually bind (or release) hydrogen ions rather than destroy them.