What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted?

 

 

Digestion begins in the mouth, where the teeth break down the food and the saliva contains enzymes that start to break down carbohydrates. This process is called ingestion.

Choice A is wrong because the esophagus is a thin tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. It does not digest food, but moves it through peristalsis, which are wave-like contractions of the muscles in the gut wall.

Choice C is wrong because the stomach is a muscular bag that mixes food with acid and enzymes. It does not start digestion, but continues it, especially for proteins.

Choice D is wrong because the small intestine is where most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place. It receives enzymes and bile from the pancreas and liver, which help to break down carbohydrates, proteins and lipids.

The correct answer is choice B. Ear. The malleus, incus, and stapes are the three smallest bones in the body and they are located in the middle ear.

They are also called the auditory ossicles or ear bones. They transmit vibrations of the tympanic membrane (eardrum) to the oval window of the inner ear, where they are converted into electrical signals by the cochlea.

Choice A. Mouth is wrong because the mouth does not contain any bones, only teeth and soft tissues.

Choice C. Skull is wrong because the skull is a large bony structure that encloses the brain and the ear, but it does not house the malleus, incus, and stapes. The auditory ossicles are located inside a small cavity in the temporal bone called the tympanic cavity.

Choice D. Lungs is wrong because the lungs are organs of respiration that do not have any bones or connection to the ear.

When the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated, it prepares the body for a fight-or-flight response by increasing the heart rate and blood pressure, which results in increased cardiac output.

Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute.

Choice B is wrong because increased pancreatic activity is not a result of sympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic nervous system inhibits digestion and reduces blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract.

Choice C is wrong because increased uterine activity is not a result of sympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic nervous system relaxes the smooth muscles of the uterus and other reproductive organs.

Choice D is wrong because increased gastrointestinal activity is not a result of sympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic nervous system inhibits digestion and reduces blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract.

It is part of the rib cage and serves as an attachment site for some abdominal muscles.

Choice A is wrong because the hyoid bone is a U-shaped bone located in the neck, above the larynx. It does not articulate with any other bone and supports the tongue and laryngeal muscles.

Choice B is wrong because the ossa coxae are the hip bones that form the pelvic girdle. They are composed of three fused bones: ilium, ischium and pubis.

Choice C is wrong because sesamoid bones are small, round bones that are embedded in tendons.

They protect the tendons from wear and tear and increase their leverage. The most common sesamoid bone is the patella (kneecap).