A 6-month-old child has developed skin irritation due to an allergic reaction. He has been prescribed a topical skin ointment. The nurse will consider which of the following before administering the drug?
That there is less body surface area to be concerned about.
That there is decreased absorption rates of topical drugs in infants.
That the infant's skin has greater permeability than that of an adult
That there is a lower concentration of water in an infant's body compared with an adult.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Infants actually have a larger body surface area relative to their weight compared with adults, which increases the potential for systemic absorption of topical medications, not less.
B. Infants have increased absorption rates of topical drugs due to their thin, more permeable skin, so decreased absorption is incorrect.
C. Infant skin is thinner, more hydrated, and has a greater permeability, making them more susceptible to systemic effects of topical medications; the nurse must carefully calculate dosage and avoid prolonged or extensive application.
D. Infants have a higher proportion of total body water compared with adults, not lower; this influences distribution of water-soluble drugs, but it is less relevant for topical absorption.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A.This is correct because cleansing the abdomen reduces the risk of infection at the puncture site and is standard pre-procedure preparation for amniocentesis.
B. This is incorrect at 23 weeks gestation because a partially full bladder is preferred. A partially full bladder helps elevate the uterus, providing better access for the needle and reducing the risk of injury to the fetus.
C. This is incorrect because fasting is not necessary for amniocentesis. Clients may eat and drink normally unless sedation or other procedures requiring anesthesia are planned. Restricting food and fluids is unnecessary and could cause discomfort.
D. This is incorrect because bowel preparation is not required. The procedure involves the uterus and amniotic sac, not the gastrointestinal tract, so a bowel prep would not affect safety or outcomes.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Betamethasone is not a tocolytic. It does not stop uterine contractions or delay labor.
B. Betamethasone has no effect on the cervix and does not prevent cervical changes associated with preterm labor.
C. Betamethasone is a corticosteroid given to mothers at risk of preterm delivery to accelerate fetal lung development and reduce the risk of respiratory distress syndrome in the newborn.
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