The nurse working in a health care provider's office is caring for a child with type 1 diabetes who has an elevated blood glucose despite taking insulin. The child presents with a sore throat, runny nose, and a cough. Which statement made by the nurse is most appropriate?
"The insulin may have expired and is less effective."
"I recommend proceeding to the emergency room for further examination."
"Decrease your carbohydrate intake until your glucose levels are lower."
"You will need to check your glucose more often while you are sick."
The Correct Answer is D
A. While expired insulin can reduce effectiveness, the immediate concern is hyperglycemia during illness, not insulin quality.
B. An emergency room visit is not automatically required for mild viral illness with elevated glucose unless there are signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), such as vomiting, abdominal pain, or lethargy.
C. Decreasing carbohydrate intake is not advised because children still need calories for energy; adjusting insulin rather than restricting food is the correct approach.
D. "You will need to check your glucose more often while you are sick" is the most appropriate guidance. Illness can trigger stress hormones that raise blood glucose levels, and frequent monitoring helps prevent complications, including DKA. Sick-day management also includes maintaining hydration and continuing insulin doses as prescribed.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While expired insulin can reduce effectiveness, the immediate concern is hyperglycemia during illness, not insulin quality.
B. An emergency room visit is not automatically required for mild viral illness with elevated glucose unless there are signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), such as vomiting, abdominal pain, or lethargy.
C. Decreasing carbohydrate intake is not advised because children still need calories for energy; adjusting insulin rather than restricting food is the correct approach.
D. "You will need to check your glucose more often while you are sick" is the most appropriate guidance. Illness can trigger stress hormones that raise blood glucose levels, and frequent monitoring helps prevent complications, including DKA. Sick-day management also includes maintaining hydration and continuing insulin doses as prescribed.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Infants actually have a larger body surface area relative to their weight compared with adults, which increases the potential for systemic absorption of topical medications, not less.
B. Infants have increased absorption rates of topical drugs due to their thin, more permeable skin, so decreased absorption is incorrect.
C. Infant skin is thinner, more hydrated, and has a greater permeability, making them more susceptible to systemic effects of topical medications; the nurse must carefully calculate dosage and avoid prolonged or extensive application.
D. Infants have a higher proportion of total body water compared with adults, not lower; this influences distribution of water-soluble drugs, but it is less relevant for topical absorption.
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