A characteristic that is unique to vitamin B12 is that it requires:
An acidic intestinal environment for synthesis.
Lipids for absorption.
The mineral magnesium for full activity.
Intrinsic factor for absorption
The Correct Answer is D
A. An acidic intestinal environment for synthesis: While stomach acid aids in releasing vitamin B12 from food, it is not unique to B12, nor is acid required for its absorption once bound to intrinsic factor. Acid alone cannot ensure proper B12 uptake.
B. Lipids for absorption: Vitamin B12 is water-soluble, not fat-soluble, so it does not require dietary lipids for absorption. Lipid dependence is characteristic of fat-soluble vitamins like A, D, E, and K.
C. The mineral magnesium for full activity: Magnesium is not essential for vitamin B12 absorption or activity. B12 functions primarily in DNA synthesis and neurologic health independent of magnesium.
D. Intrinsic factor for absorption: Vitamin B12 requires intrinsic factor, a glycoprotein secreted by gastric parietal cells, to bind and be absorbed in the terminal ileum. Without intrinsic factor, B12 cannot be adequately absorbed, making this requirement unique among vitamins.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. a narrow-spectrum antibiotic: Narrow-spectrum antibiotics target specific bacteria and require knowledge of the causative organism. Since the patient was unable to produce a sputum culture, the exact pathogen is unknown, making narrow-spectrum therapy less appropriate initially.
B. multiple antibiotics: While combination therapy can be used in severe cases or for resistant organisms, it is not always the first choice. Using multiple antibiotics unnecessarily increases the risk of adverse effects and antibiotic resistance.
C. the pneumococcal vaccine: The vaccine is preventive and does not treat an active infection. Administering it during acute pneumonia would not address the current bacterial infection.
D. a broad-spectrum antibiotic: Broad-spectrum antibiotics are appropriate when the causative pathogen is unknown. They cover a wide range of potential bacteria, providing effective initial treatment while culture results, if obtainable later, guide targeted therapy.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Notify the provider of the patient's vital signs: The patient’s blood pressure is low (88/68 mm Hg), and administering additional nitroglycerin could worsen hypotension and lead to dizziness, syncope, or shock. Immediate provider notification is necessary before giving further doses.
B. Give nitroglycerin by translingual spray: Administering another form of nitroglycerin without addressing the hypotension risk could further lower blood pressure. Changing the route does not mitigate the danger of giving vasodilators to a hypotensive patient.
C. Administer 0.4 mg of nitroglycerin SL: Repeating the same SL dose while the patient is hypotensive may precipitate severe hypotension, syncope, or cardiovascular collapse. Further nitroglycerin must be held until guidance is obtained.
D. Administer 0.3 mg of nitroglycerin SL: Even a slightly lower dose could still dangerously reduce blood pressure. Administering additional nitroglycerin without provider approval is unsafe in the context of the patient’s current vital signs.
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