A child with a history of febrile seizures is being monitored in the pediatric unit. The child has a current temperature of 39°C (102.2°F). Which nursing action should be prioritized to prevent another febrile seizure?
Administering prescribed antipyretic medication as per protocol
Placing the child in a cool bath to reduce body temperature
Encouraging the child to drink plenty of cold fluids
Monitoring the child for signs of seizure activity
The Correct Answer is A
A. Administering prescribed antipyretic medication as per protocol: Antipyretics such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen reduce fever by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis in the hypothalamus. Controlling the child’s elevated temperature is the most effective preventative measure against febrile seizures, which are triggered by rapid increases in body temperature.
B. Placing the child in a cool bath to reduce body temperature: Rapid external cooling can cause shivering, which paradoxically increases core body temperature and metabolic demand. It may also be distressing to the child. External cooling is not recommended as the first-line approach for preventing febrile seizures.
C. Encouraging the child to drink plenty of cold fluids: Oral fluids help prevent dehydration but do not provide rapid antipyretic effects. While hydration is important for overall care, it does not significantly reduce the immediate risk of a febrile seizure caused by elevated temperature.
D. Monitoring the child for signs of seizure activity: Continuous observation is critical for safety and prompt intervention if a seizure occurs. However, monitoring alone does not prevent the seizure from occurring. Preventive measures, such as antipyretic administration, take priority over passive observation.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["C","D","E","F"]
Explanation
A. Disc degeneration: While disc degeneration can happen to anyone over time due to aging or wear and tear, it is not considered a specific "complication" caused by a spinal cord injury itself.
B. Light sensitivity: Photophobia or light sensitivity is not typically associated with spinal cord injuries. Neurologic changes in spinal cord injury primarily affect motor, sensory, and autonomic pathways below the level of injury, rather than visual pathways.
C. Temperature sensitivity: Autonomic dysfunction following a T6 spinal cord injury can impair thermoregulation, resulting in temperature sensitivity. Clients may have difficulty adjusting to hot or cold environments, increasing the risk of hypothermia or hyperthermia.
D. Contractures: Immobility and muscle spasticity following a spinal cord injury can lead to joint contractures. Without proper positioning, stretching, and range-of-motion exercises, muscles and tendons may shorten, limiting mobility and complicating rehabilitation.
E. Sexual dysfunction: Spinal cord injuries often affect sexual function due to disruption of neural pathways controlling arousal, sensation, and orgasm. This complication is common and should be included in patient education to address expectations and available interventions.
F. Urinary tract infections: Neurogenic bladder resulting from spinal cord injury increases the risk of urinary retention and incomplete emptying. Indwelling catheters, intermittent catheterization, or other bladder management strategies can predispose clients to recurrent urinary tract infections, making it a frequent complication to monitor.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Modest caffeine intake throughout the day: Small amounts of caffeine typically do not provoke seizures in most individuals with epilepsy. While excessive caffeine can increase excitability in some clients, moderate daily intake is generally considered safe and does not serve as a primary seizure trigger.
B. Warm tub baths in the evening: Warm baths promote relaxation and do not usually provoke seizures. In fact, they may help reduce stress, which can indirectly decrease seizure frequency. There is no evidence that routine warm bathing acts as a precipitating factor for epileptic events.
C. Moderate physical exercise: Regular, moderate exercise is encouraged for clients with epilepsy because it promotes cardiovascular health, stress reduction, and overall well-being. Exercise is generally protective and does not increase seizure risk in most individuals when performed safely.
D. Not getting enough sleep at night: Sleep deprivation is a well-established precipitating factor for seizures. Insufficient sleep lowers the seizure threshold by increasing cortical excitability and reducing inhibitory neurotransmission. Clients with epilepsy are advised to maintain consistent sleep schedules and prioritize adequate rest to minimize the risk of seizure occurrence.
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