A client asks the nurse at a prenatal appointment for a list of non-dairy foods that contain calcium so that she can incorporate them into her diet during pregnancy.
Which of the following are non-dairy calcium foods that the client could eat?

Choice A rationale

Uterine tachysystole is correctly defined as more than five contractions in ten minutes, averaged over a thirty-minute period. However, magnesium sulfate is not the initial intervention. Magnesium sulfate is primarily used for seizure prophylaxis in preeclampsia and to a lesser extent as a tocolytic, but not for tachysystole management. The primary interventions involve non-pharmacological methods and reducing uterine stimulants.

Choice B rationale

Hypotonic contractions are characterized by a low frequency (fewer than 3 contractions in 10 minutes) and intensity. Terbutaline, a beta-2 adrenergic agonist, is used to inhibit uterine contractions and is indicated for tachysystole, not hypotonic contractions. Therefore, this choice misidentifies the condition and provides an inappropriate intervention for hypotonic labor.

Choice C rationale

This choice incorrectly defines tachysystole as less than three contractions in ten minutes. This description actually aligns with hypotonic uterine dysfunction. The intervention of increasing oxytocin is aimed at stimulating labor in cases of hypotonic dysfunction, not at resolving tachysystole which is caused by excessive uterine activity.

Choice D rationale

This statement accurately defines uterine tachysystole as more than five contractions in ten minutes over a thirty-minute period. The initial intervention for this condition is to discontinue or reduce any uterine stimulants, such as oxytocin, and to reposition the patient to improve uteroplacental perfusion. This is done to prevent fetal distress due to reduced oxygen delivery from persistent uterine contractions. *.

Choice A rationale

While any serious maternal infection or complication can theoretically increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including miscarriage, HSV infection is not a primary risk factor for spontaneous abortion. The greatest risk associated with HSV in pregnancy is the transmission of the virus to the neonate, particularly during vaginal birth. Miscarriage is more commonly linked to chromosomal abnormalities, uterine factors, or other maternal health conditions. The focus of care in HSV is preventing perinatal transmission.

Choice B rationale

Maternal pain and discomfort associated with a herpes simplex virus (HSV) outbreak are indeed a concern for the pregnant woman. The lesions can be painful and distressing. However, from a medical and fetal health perspective, this is not the greatest concern. The pain and discomfort are temporary and can be managed with supportive care. The potential for serious, life-threatening consequences for the newborn far outweighs the maternal symptoms.

Choice C rationale

The greatest concern regarding maternal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is the potential for transmission to the newborn during delivery, especially if the mother has an active primary genital outbreak. Neonatal herpes is a serious and potentially fatal condition that can lead to disseminated disease, central nervous system involvement, or skin, eye, and mouth disease. The risk is highest with a primary infection near term, as the mother has not yet developed protective antibodies to pass to the fetus. A cesarean section is often recommended if active lesions are present.

Choice D rationale

The development of oral cold sores, caused by HSV-1, is generally not the primary concern in the context of pregnancy. While oral HSV can be transmitted to a newborn, the risk is typically much lower and the consequences less severe than with genital HSV transmission during delivery. The focus of concern for maternal-fetal health is primarily on genital herpes outbreaks, particularly a primary infection at the time of delivery, due to the high risk of severe neonatal morbidity and mortality