A client is newly diagnosed with myasthenia gravis. Client education would include which condition as the cause of the disease?
Destruction of acetylcholine receptors causing muscle weakness
inability of basal ganglia to produce sufficient dopamine
A post-viral illness characterized by ascending paralysis
Loss of the myelin sheath surrounding peripheral nerves
The Correct Answer is A
A. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, leading to muscle weakness.
B. Inability of basal ganglia to produce sufficient dopamine is related to Parkinson’s disease, not myasthenia gravis.
C. A post-viral illness with ascending paralysis describes Guillain-Barré syndrome.
D. Loss of the myelin sheath surrounding peripheral nerves occurs in diseases like multiple sclerosis and peripheral neuropathies, not myasthenia gravis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Alcohol should generally be avoided or limited significantly, as it can interfere with seizure control and interact with phenytoin.
B. Antacids can interfere with phenytoin absorption; patients are usually advised to space them out by at least 2 hours, not just 1 hour.
C. Phenytoin does not typically cause urine to turn orange; this is more common with medications like rifampin or phenazopyridine.
D. Phenytoin can cause gingival hyperplasia (gum overgrowth), so regular dental visits every 3 to 6 months are important to monitor and manage oral health.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A single seizure does not automatically indicate epilepsy. Epilepsy is typically diagnosed after two or more unprovoked seizures, and other causes (e.g., fever, head trauma, infection, drug use) must first be ruled out.
B. This implies a diagnosis without proper evaluation and is misleading.
C. Antispasmodics are not the standard treatment, and medication should not be prescribed without diagnostic evaluation.
D. Not all seizures are epilepsy—seizures can result from various acute and reversible conditions.
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