A client is prescribed clozapine (Clozaril). The nurse should closely monitor the client for which potential adverse effect?
Extrapyramidal symptoms.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Tardive dyskinesia.
The Correct Answer is C
Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Clozapine (Clozaril) is an atypical antipsychotic drug that can cause a rare but serious skin reaction called Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which is characterized by blisters, rash, and peeling skin. The nurse should monitor the client for any signs of skin irritation or infection and instruct the client to report them immediately.
Choice A is wrong because extrapyramidal symptoms are more common with typical antipsychotics than with atypical antipsychotics. Extrapyramidal symptoms include involuntary movements, muscle stiffness, and tremors.
Choice B is wrong because neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening adverse reaction of antipsychotics that involves high fever, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic instability. It is not specific to clozapine and can occur with any antipsychotic drug.
Choice D is wrong because tardive dyskinesia is a long-term adverse effect of antipsychotics that involves repetitive and involuntary movements of the tongue, jaw, face, and limbs. It is also more common with typical antipsychotics than with atypical antipsychotics.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
These are all possible signs ofneuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), a rare but serious adverse effect of risperidone and other antipsychotic medications.
NMS is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention.It is characterized by fever, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, autonomic instability and elevated creatine kinase levels.
Choice B is wrong because polyuria is not a common side effect of risperidone.Polyuria can be caused by other conditions such as diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus or diuretic use.
Normal ranges for vital signs and laboratory values are as follows:
• Temperature: 36.5°C to 37.5°C (97.7°F to 99.5°F)
• Heart rate: 60 to 100 beats per minute
• Blood pressure: 120/80 mm Hg or lower
• Respiratory rate: 12 to 20 breaths per minute
• Oxygen saturation: 95% or higher
• Creatine kinase: 22 to 198 U/L for males and 10 to 171 U/L for females
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]
Explanation
The client should avoid foods that are high in tyramine while taking phenelzine, which is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) for depression. Tyramine can cause a hypertensive crisis when combined with MAOIs.
Choice B is wrong because shrimp is not high in tyramine and can be safely consumed by the client.
Choice D is wrong because raisins are not high in tyramine and can be safely consumed by the client.
Some examples of foods that are high in tyramine are avocado, cheddar cheese, pepperoni, aged meats, smoked fish, soy sauce, sauerkraut, beer, and red wine.
The normal range for blood pressure is less than 120/80 mmHg.A hypertensive crisis is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 180 mmHg or higher or a diastolic blood pressure of 120 mmHg or higher.The client should monitor their blood pressure regularly and report any signs of a hypertensive crisis, such as severe headache, chest pain, blurred vision, nausea, or confusion.
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