A client who had a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) two weeks ago returns to the clinic for a follow up visit. The client has a postoperative ejection fraction of 30%. Today the client has lungs which are clear, +1 pedal edema, and a 5 pound weight gain. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Instruct the client to monitor daily caloric intake.
Assess compliance with routine prescriptions.
Arrange transport for admission to the hospital.
Insert saline lock for IV diuretic therapy.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Instruct the client to monitor daily caloric intake: Nutritional monitoring does not directly address the client’s current signs of early fluid overload. Caloric intake is not the immediate concern given the recent weight gain and decreased ejection fraction.
B. Assess compliance with routine prescriptions: With a postoperative ejection fraction of 30%, the client likely has heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). A weight gain of 5 pounds and pedal edema suggest fluid retention, which may indicate suboptimal adherence to prescribed medications such as diuretics.
C. Arrange transport for admission to the hospital: Although the client shows signs of mild fluid retention, lung sounds are clear and only +1 edema is noted. Hospital admission is not yet indicated unless symptoms worsen or do not respond to outpatient interventions.
D. Insert saline lock for IV diuretic therapy: IV diuretics are used in acute decompensated heart failure, especially when there is pulmonary congestion or volume overload. Since the client has mild edema and clear lungs, oral medication review is the appropriate initial step.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
- Agitation: Agitation may indicate hypoxia or reduced cerebral perfusion due to cardiac compromise. In a patient with chest pain and borderline hypoxia, it can be an early warning sign of clinical deterioration that requires follow-up.
- Chest pain described as pressure tightness unrelieved by rest: Unrelieved chest pain lasting longer than 20 minutes is strongly suggestive of myocardial infarction rather than stable angina. Immediate cardiac workup and intervention are needed to prevent myocardial damage.
- Pain rated 7/10: A moderate to severe pain rating in the chest warrants urgent evaluation, especially when consistent with cardiac characteristics like tightness and pressure. High pain intensity is often correlated with worsening ischemia.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Begin chest compressions at a depth of at least 2 in (5.1 cm): Initiating high-quality chest compressions immediately is the priority in a pulseless and non-breathing client. This promotes circulation of oxygenated blood to vital organs, and improves chances of survival until defibrillation or advanced care is available.
B. Perform forceful sternal rub to check for unresponsiveness: A sternal rub is used to assess responsiveness, but it is unnecessary once the client is confirmed to be unresponsive, pulseless, and not breathing. Delaying compressions could reduce survival chances.
C. Assess the client for any obvious injuries due to the sudden fall: While it is important to note injuries, it is not the immediate priority in a client without a pulse or respirations. Life-saving measures such as CPR should take precedence over secondary assessments.
D. Remove the client's clothes and apply automated external defibrillator (AED) pads to chest: Applying the AED is a critical step but should follow the immediate initiation of chest compressions. If another responder is present, tasks can be divided, but CPR should not be delayed for AED pad placement.
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