A client who weighs 110 lb (50 kg) and has a body mass index (BMI) of 16 kg/m2 reports avoiding foods high in cholesterol to prevent the development of heart disease. Which information should the nurse provide to the client?

Reference Range:

Body mass index [18.0 to 24.9 kg/m2]

Egg yolks are low in cholesterol and a good source of protein.

Dietary cholesterol does not cause a rise in blood cholesterol levels.

Vegetable oils instead of butter will keep the cholesterol level low.

Whole milk has the lowest amount of cholesterol of all dairy products.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Egg yolks are actually high in cholesterol, although they are a good source of protein and other nutrients. Telling the client they are low in cholesterol would be misleading.

B. Research shows that for most people, dietary cholesterol has a minimal effect on serum cholesterol levels. The body regulates cholesterol by adjusting endogenous production in the liver. Therefore, overly restricting cholesterol-containing foods, especially in a client with a BMI of 16 kg/m² (underweight), can contribute to nutrient deficiencies without significantly reducing heart disease risk. This education is especially important for clients who are underweight and need adequate nutrition for health.

C. While replacing saturated fats like butter with unsaturated fats such as vegetable oils is a healthy choice for lipid management, this does not address the client’s misunderstanding about the relationship between dietary cholesterol and blood cholesterol.

D. Whole milk actually contains more cholesterol and saturated fat than skim or low-fat milk. This statement could reinforce misinformation rather than correct it.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker (non-dihydropyridine) that slows conduction through the AV node and can help control heart rate and rhythm, particularly in dysrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation or supraventricular tachycardia. This can result in restoration or maintenance of a normal sinus rhythm.

B. Verapamil decreases myocardial oxygen demand by reducing heart rate and contractility, and it also causes coronary artery vasodilation. These effects improve blood flow to the heart muscle and help reduce anginal pain.

C. Verapamil does not directly regulate potassium levels. Potassium balance is more closely affected by medications such as diuretics, ACE inhibitors, or potassium supplements. Therefore, a normal potassium level is not a direct therapeutic response to this medication.

D. Verapamil causes vasodilation and decreases cardiac contractility, which leads to a reduction in systemic vascular resistance and cardiac output. These effects contribute to lowering blood pressure, making it effective in managing hypertension.

E. Verapamil is not a diuretic and does not increase urine output. In some cases, calcium channel blockers may even cause fluid retention rather than increased diuresis.

A. Myocardial infarction with sinus bradycardia and multiple ectopic beats. B. Pulmonary embolus with an IV heparin infusion and new onset hematuria. C. Adult respiratory distress syndrome with an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. D. Chronic liver failure with a hemoglobin of 10.1 g/dL (101 g/L) and a slight bilirubin elevation.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Myocardial infarction with sinus bradycardia and multiple ectopic beats indicates ongoing cardiac instability. The presence of arrhythmias and bradycardia requires continuous cardiac monitoring and potential interventions, which necessitates remaining in a critical care setting. Therefore, this client is not stable for transfer.

B. Pulmonary embolus with an IV heparin infusion and new onset hematuria is unstable due to active anticoagulation complications. Hematuria suggests a bleeding risk, and the client requires close monitoring of coagulation status and potential interventions, making transfer unsafe.

C. Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air indicates severe hypoxemia. Oxygen saturation below 90% requires high-level respiratory support and monitoring, which cannot be safely managed on a general medical unit. This client is not stable for transfer.

D. Chronic liver failure with a hemoglobin of 10.1 g/dL (101 g/L) and a slight bilirubin elevation represents a stable condition for transfer. While the client has mild anemia and slightly elevated bilirubin, these values are chronic and do not indicate acute deterioration. The client is hemodynamically stable, does not require continuous monitoring or intensive interventions, and can safely continue care on a medical unit.

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A client who weighs 110 lb (50 kg) and has a body mass index (BMI) of 16 kg/m2 reports avoiding foods high in cholesterol to prevent the development of heart disease. Which information should the nurse provide to the client? Reference Range: Body mass index [18.0 to 24.9 kg/m2]

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with multiple cardiac diagnoses receives a prescription for verapamil. Which therapeutic response(s) should the nurse anticipate for a client taking this medication? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

The charge nurse in a critical care unit is reviewing client conditions to determine who is stable enough to be transferred. Which client status report indicates readiness for transfer from the critical care unit to a medical unit? Reference Range: Hemoglobin (Hgb) [14 to 18 g/dL (140 to 180 g/L)]

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A client who weighs 110 lb (50 kg) and has a body mass index (BMI) of 16 kg/m2 reports avoiding foods high in cholesterol to prevent the development of heart disease. Which information should the nurse provide to the client?

Reference Range:

Body mass index [18.0 to 24.9 kg/m2]