A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has an arteriovenous (AV) fistula in the left forearm. Which observation by the nurse indicates that the fistula is patent? Select all that apply.
The left radial pulse is 2+ bounding.
Distended, tortuous veins in the left hand.
Auscultation of a thrill on the left forearm.
Assessment of a bruit on the left forearm.
Correct Answer : C,D
A. A bounding radial pulse does not specifically indicate the patency of an AV fistula; it is a general assessment of peripheral pulse quality.
B. Distended veins in the hand may indicate venous congestion but are not a reliable indicator of fistula patency.
C. The presence of a thrill (a palpable vibration) over the AV fistula indicates proper blood flow through the fistula.
D. The presence of a bruit (a whooshing sound) over the AV fistula indicates the flow of blood through the fistula, confirming patency.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["41.7"]
Explanation
Step 1: Convert grams to milligrams
The prescribed dose is 5 grams (g) daily.
- 1 gram (g) = 1,000 milligrams (mg)
- 5 g = 5,000 mg daily
Step 2: Determine the dose per administration
The medication is to be given every 8 hours, meaning the total daily dose is divided into three equal doses:
5,000mg/3=1,666.67mgperdose
Step 3: Use the medication concentration to find the volume
The available suspension is 200 mg per 5 mL. Using the ratio formula:
200mg/5mL=1,666.67mg/XmL
Solve for X:
X=1,666.67×5/200
X=8,333.35/200=41.67mL
Answer: 41.7 mL (Rounded off to the nearest tenth)
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Kussmaul respirations are deep, labored breathing patterns that help blow off excess carbon dioxide to compensate for metabolic acidosis, which is common in DKA.
B. Diaphoresis is not directly related to the respiratory pattern seen in DKA.
C. Hyperosmolar diuresis explains dehydration but not the respiratory compensation.
D. Erratic electrical impulses are not related to the respiratory pattern of Kussmaul respirations.
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