A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is experiencing severe metabolic acidosis, which is not responding to medical management. Which of the following is the primary indication for initiating dialysis in this client?

Hypernatremia

Hyperkalemia

Hypocalcemia

Severe metabolic acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) This statement is incorrect. Hypernatremia (high sodium levels) is not the primary indication for initiating dialysis in this case. Metabolic acidosis and the inability of the kidneys to excrete acids are the primary concerns.

B) This statement is incorrect. Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels) may occur in CKD, but it is not the primary indication described in the scenario. Metabolic acidosis is the primary concern leading to the need for dialysis.

C) This statement is incorrect. Hypocalcemia (low calcium levels) can be a complication of CKD, but it is not the primary indication for initiating dialysis in this scenario. Metabolic acidosis and its associated symptoms take precedence.

D) Severe metabolic acidosis, which results from the kidneys' inability to adequately excrete acids and regulate pH balance, is a critical indication for initiating dialysis in clients with CKD.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) This statement is incorrect. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) are not used to prevent infections during dialysis. They are used to address anemia by stimulating red blood cell production.

B) This statement is accurate. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) stimulate the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells, addressing anemia commonly associated with chronic kidney disease and dialysis.

C) This statement is incorrect. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) do not reduce the risk of blood clot formation. They are specific to stimulating the production of red blood cells.

D) This statement is incorrect. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) do not enhance kidney function and filtration. They target the production of red blood cells to address anemia associated with ESRD and dialysis.

A. Increased fluid removal B. Decreased urine output C. Hydration overload D. Hypotension

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) This statement is accurate. Hypertonic dialysate has a higher concentration of glucose, which results in increased fluid removal from the client's peritoneal cavity. This type of dialysate is often used for more effective ultrafiltration.

B) This statement is incorrect. Infusing hypertonic dialysate does not result in decreased urine output. Peritoneal dialysis is a process of exchanging fluids and waste products through the peritoneal membrane, but it does not directly affect urine production.

C) This statement is incorrect. Infusing hypertonic dialysate would not lead to hydration overload, as it causes fluid to be removed from the body.

D) This statement is incorrect. Hypertonic dialysate would not cause hypotension. In fact, it may lead to a decrease in blood pressure due to fluid removal, but it would not be considered a primary cause of hypotension.

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A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is experiencing severe metabolic acidosis, which is not responding to medical management. Which of the following is the primary indication for initiating dialysis in this client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is receiving erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) as part of the dialysis treatment. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the medication's purpose?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client on peritoneal dialysis has a prescription for hypertonic dialysate. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect during the infusion of hypertonic dialysate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A client receiving peritoneal dialysis reports cloudy dialysate effluent during an exchange. What should the nurse do first?

A nurse is caring for a client on peritoneal dialysis who complains of cloudy drainage from the catheter site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

A nurse is teaching a client undergoing hemodialysis about the importance of maintaining vascular access. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

A client on peritoneal dialysis is prescribed erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) to manage anemia. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor closely during ESA therapy?

A client on peritoneal dialysis is concerned about the risk of infection at the catheter insertion site. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client?

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