A client with hypertension is prescribed a thiazide diuretic. The nurse instructs the client to monitor their potassium level and report any signs of hypokalemia. Which of the following signs should the nurse include in the teaching?
Muscle cramps
Constipation
Dry mouth
Nausea
The Correct Answer is A
Muscle cramps are a sign of hypokalemia, or low potassium level, which can occur as a side effect of thiazide diuretics. Potassium is an electrolyte that is essential for muscle contraction and nerve conduction. Hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness, spasms, and cramps, as well as cardiac arrhythmias and dysrhythmias.
Incorrect options:
B) Constipation - This is not a sign of hypokalemia, but rather a sign of hypercalcemia, or high calcium level, which can also occur as a side effect of thiazide diuretics. Calcium is an electrolyte that is involved in muscle contraction and blood clotting. Hypercalcemia can cause constipation, abdominal pain, kidney stones, and bone pain.
C) Dry mouth - This is not a sign of hypokalemia, but rather a sign of dehydration, which can occur as a result of fluid loss from diuretic therapy. Dehydration can cause dry mouth, thirst, decreased urine output, and increased heart rate and blood pressure.
D) Nausea - This is not a sign of hypokalemia, but rather a sign of hyponatremia, or low sodium level, which can also occur as a side effect of thiazide diuretics. Sodium is an electrolyte that is important for fluid balance and nerve function. Hyponatremia can cause nausea, vomiting, headache, confusion, and seizures.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Purulent sputum production indicates a possible infection, which can exacerbate COPD and lead to respiratory failure. The nurse should report this finding to the provider and obtain a sputum culture for further evaluation.
Incorrect options:
A) Barrel-shaped chest - This is a common finding in clients with COPD, due to chronic hyperinflation of the lungs. It does not require immediate intervention.
B) Clubbing of the fingers - This is a sign of chronic hypoxia, which is often seen in clients with COPD. It does not indicate an acute complication.
C) Increased respiratory rate - This is a compensatory mechanism for clients with COPD, who have impaired gas exchange and reduced lung capacity. It does not necessarily indicate a worsening of the condition.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Performing gentle range-of-motion exercises after waking up can help reduce joint stiffness and improve mobility for clients with RA. The exercises should be done slowly and carefully, without forcing or overextending the joints.
Incorrect options:
A) Apply cold packs to the affected joints before getting out of bed. - This is not correct, as cold packs are more effective for acute inflammation and swelling, which are not typical features of RA. Cold packs can also increase joint stiffness and discomfort.
C) Take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) before bedtime. - This is not correct, as NSAIDs are more effective when taken regularly throughout the day, rather than only at night. NSAIDs can also cause gastrointestinal irritation and bleeding, especially when taken on an empty stomach or before lying down.
D) Avoid weight-bearing activities until noon. - This is not correct, as avoiding weight-bearing activities can lead to muscle weakness and joint deformity in clients with RA. Weight-bearing activities should be done in moderation and with proper support and alignment.
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