A client with multiple risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI) asks the nurse how to lower the risk. What should the nurse recommend as the most effective approach?

"Engage in regular physical activity and maintain a healthy weight."

"Limit saturated fat intake and avoid high-cholesterol foods."

"Quit smoking and reduce alcohol consumption."

"Control stress through relaxation techniques and counseling."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) This choice is correct. Engaging in regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight are effective strategies for reducing the risk of MI. Physical activity helps improve cardiovascular health, manage weight, and reduce other risk factors like hypertension and diabetes.

B) This choice is incorrect because while limiting saturated fat intake is important for heart health, it is not the most effective approach to lower the risk of MI when compared to engaging in physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight.

C) This choice is incorrect because quitting smoking and reducing alcohol consumption are essential for reducing the risk of MI, but they may not be as effective as regular physical activity and weight management.

D) This choice is incorrect because controlling stress through relaxation techniques and counseling is beneficial for overall well-being, but it may not be the most effective approach to reduce the risk of MI when compared to regular physical activity and weight management. Stress management is still an important aspect of cardiovascular health, but it should be combined with other lifestyle changes for optimal risk reduction.

Questions

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because while PCI can indirectly relieve chest pain by restoring blood flow to the heart, its primary purpose is not to reduce inflammation in the heart muscle.

B) This choice is correct. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) involves the insertion of a catheter with a balloon at the tip into the blocked coronary artery. The balloon is inflated to compress the plaque and open the artery, and then a stent is placed to keep the artery open and improve blood flow to the heart.

C) This choice is incorrect because PCI's primary purpose is not to lower blood pressure but to restore blood flow to the heart by treating coronary artery blockages.

D) This choice is incorrect because the description provided is more characteristic of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, not PCI.

A. Stable angina. B. Unstable angina. C. Variant (Prinzmetal) angina. D. Microvascular angina.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) This choice is correct. Stable angina is typically predictable and occurs with exertion or emotional stress. It subsides with rest and nitroglycerin use. The pain is usually relieved within a few minutes after rest or medication administration.

B) This choice is incorrect because unstable angina is characterized by chest pain that occurs at rest or with minimal exertion and is more severe and prolonged than stable angina. It may indicate an impending myocardial infarction and requires immediate medical attention.

C) This choice is incorrect because variant (Prinzmetal) angina is caused by coronary artery vasospasm, which leads to chest pain even at rest. It is not typically relieved by rest and nitroglycerin, but rather by calcium channel blockers or nitrate medications.

D) This choice is incorrect because microvascular angina is characterized by chest pain caused by abnormalities in the small blood vessels in the heart. It may not always be relieved by nitroglycerin, and it is not the most likely diagnosis in this presentation.

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A client with multiple risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI) asks the nurse how to lower the risk. What should the nurse recommend as the most effective approach?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who had an acute myocardial infarction (MI) is scheduled for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The client asks the nurse about the purpose of this procedure. How should the nurse respond?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client is experiencing chest pain that subsides with rest and nitroglycerin administration. The nurse suspects angina pectoris. What type of angina does this presentation most likely indicate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client with angina about stress management techniques. The client asks the nurse how stress affects the heart. How should the nurse respond?

A nurse is caring for a client admitted with myocardial infarction (MI). The client's blood pressure drops, and the client becomes restless and anxious. What intervention should the nurse initiate first?

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected myocardial infarction (MI). Which clinical manifestation should the nurse prioritize as an early sign of MI?

A client is undergoing a stress test to evaluate possible myocardial ischemia. What is the primary purpose of this test?

A client with suspected angina pectoris is scheduled for a coronary angiography. The client asks the nurse about the purpose of the test. How should the nurse respond?

A client is experiencing chest pain and seeks medical attention. The nurse asks the client about the nature of the pain. Which characteristic is most consistent with angina pectoris?

A client with angina pectoris reports chest pain and is receiving oxygen therapy. The client asks the nurse about the purpose of oxygen administration. How should the nurse respond?

A client who had an MI is advised to quit smoking to reduce the risk of future cardiac events. The client expresses difficulty in quitting and asks the nurse for suggestions. What should the nurse recommend?