A client with polycythemia is receiving treatment.
Which statement by the nurse is accurate regarding the pathophysiology of this condition?
"Polycythemia results from a decrease in erythropoietin (EPO) production.”
"In primary polycythemia, red blood cell production is stimulated by EPO.”
"Secondary polycythemia is caused by a mutation in the JAK2 gene.”
"EPO stimulates the bone marrow to produce fewer red blood cells.”
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
This statement is incorrect.
Polycythemia vera is a primary disorder where red blood cell production is not regulated properly, leading to an excess of red blood cells.
In primary polycythemia, there is an increase in erythropoietin (EPO) production, not a decrease.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer.
In primary polycythemia (polycythemia vera), the overproduction of red blood cells is stimulated by increased levels of erythropoietin (EPO)
Choice C rationale:
Secondary polycythemia can be caused by a mutation in the JAK2 gene, but this is not the pathophysiology of primary polycythemia (polycythemia vera)
Choice D rationale:
Erythropoietin (EPO) actually stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells, not fewer.
Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement is incorrect.
Polycythemia vera is a primary disorder where red blood cell production is not regulated properly, leading to an excess of red blood cells.
In primary polycythemia, there is an increase in erythropoietin (EPO) production, not a decrease.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer.
In primary polycythemia (polycythemia vera), the overproduction of red blood cells is stimulated by increased levels of erythropoietin (EPO)
Choice C rationale:
Secondary polycythemia can be caused by a mutation in the JAK2 gene, but this is not the pathophysiology of primary polycythemia (polycythemia vera)
Choice D rationale:
Erythropoietin (EPO) actually stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells, not fewer.
Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A renal ultrasound is not commonly used to rule out secondary polycythemia.
Polycythemia is primarily related to an increase in red blood cell production, and renal ultrasound is used to assess kidney function and anatomy, which is not directly related to the cause of polycythemia.
Choice B rationale:
A bone marrow biopsy is commonly used to rule out secondary polycythemia.
Polycythemia can be primary (due to a problem within the bone marrow itself) or secondary (due to external factors like hypoxia or tumors)
A bone marrow biopsy can help differentiate between primary and secondary causes by examining the bone marrow's production of red blood cells.
Choice C rationale:
A chest x-ray may be ordered to evaluate the lungs and chest, but it is not the primary diagnostic test used to rule out secondary polycythemia.
It may help identify lung conditions that contribute to hypoxia, which can lead to secondary polycythemia, but it does not directly assess the bone marrow or red blood cell production.
Choice D rationale:
Thyroid function tests are not typically used to rule out secondary polycythemia.
Thyroid function tests assess the thyroid gland's hormone production and are unrelated to the primary causes of polycythemia.
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