A critical care nurse is aware of similarities and differences between the treatments for different types of shock. What intervention is used in all types of shock?
Early provision of nutritional support
Aggressive antibiotic therapy
Aggressive hypoglycemic control
Administration of hypertonic IV fluids
The Correct Answer is A
A. Early provision of nutritional support: Providing nutrition early is essential in all types of shock to meet increased metabolic demands and prevent catabolism. Shock increases cellular energy requirements, and adequate nutrition supports organ function and recovery. Early enteral or parenteral nutrition helps maintain gut integrity and immune function.
B. Aggressive antibiotic therapy: Antibiotics are critical only in septic shock or infections causing shock. They are not indicated in hypovolemic, cardiogenic, or anaphylactic shock unless infection is present. Routine use in all shock types would be inappropriate and unnecessary.
C. Aggressive hypoglycemic control: Tight glucose control is relevant mainly in septic or critically ill patients at risk of hyperglycemia, not universally in all shock states. Overly aggressive glucose lowering can cause hypoglycemia and worsen outcomes. It is not a standard intervention across all shock types.
D. Administration of hypertonic IV fluids: Hypertonic fluids are not universally indicated in all shock types. Fluid resuscitation depends on the specific etiology—hypovolemic shock may require isotonic crystalloids, while cardiogenic shock may need careful fluid restriction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Dress lightly during the day and stay in an air conditioned environment: Clients with T4 spinal cord injuries have impaired thermoregulation and are at high risk for heat-related illness. Light clothing and air conditioning help prevent hyperthermia and heat stroke. Staying in a cool environment is the safest strategy during extreme heat.
B. Drink at least 3000 mL of cold liquids daily in hot weather: While hydration is important, drinking excessive cold liquids does not fully prevent heat-related complications in clients with impaired thermoregulation. Cooling the environment is more effective in controlling core temperature.
C. Dress lightly during the heat of the day and stay on the screened porch: Even with light clothing, exposure to outdoor heat, such as on a porch, can lead to dangerous hyperthermia in someone with a high spinal cord injury. Indoor cooling is safer.
D. Sit outside for a limited time (one hour) in the morning only: Morning temperatures may still be high, and direct sun exposure poses a risk for hyperthermia. Limiting outdoor activity alone does not adequately protect thermoregulation. Air conditioning and minimal heat exposure are preferred.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Aspirate from the catheter using a 60 ml syringe: Aspiration can introduce infection or damage the catheter if done routinely. It is not the first-line action for slow drainage during peritoneal dialysis. Safer interventions should be attempted first.
B. Flush the catheter with 50 mL of additional dialysate: Flushing may force fluid and increase intra-abdominal pressure, potentially causing discomfort or complications. It is not recommended as an initial step to improve drainage.
C. Advance the catheter 2 to 4 cm further into the peritoneal cavity: Manipulating the catheter manually can increase the risk of trauma or infection. Catheter position is generally fixed, and adjustments should be made only under provider guidance.
D. Reposition the client to facilitate drainage: Changing the client’s position, such as turning from side to side or elevating the head of the bed, often helps the dialysate flow freely. This is a safe and effective first action to relieve slow drainage and prevent complications like fluid retention or abdominal distention.
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