A female client develops vaginal candidiasis while on antibiotic therapy for an upper respiratory infection. The nurse knows that this is caused by?

Antibiotic therapy reduces normal vaginal bacterial flora, resulting in a superinfection.

The infection spreading from the patient's lungs to the new site of infection

Unprotected sex during antibiotic treatment

An allergic reaction to the antibiotics

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Antibiotic therapy reduces normal vaginal bacterial flora, resulting in a superinfection.: Broad-spectrum antibiotics destroy beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus that help maintain the acidic environment of the vagina. This disruption allows Candida albicans, a fungus normally present in small amounts, to overgrow and cause vaginal candidiasis.

B. The infection spreading from the patient's lungs to the new site of infection.: Upper respiratory infections are typically viral or bacterial and do not spread to the vagina. Vaginal candidiasis results from local fungal overgrowth, not from systemic infection migration.

C. Unprotected sex during antibiotic treatment.: Vaginal yeast infections are not sexually transmitted infections. Although sexual activity can sometimes worsen irritation, the underlying cause here is the alteration of normal vaginal flora due to antibiotic use.

D. An allergic reaction to the antibiotics.: Allergic reactions to antibiotics usually present as rash, itching, or anaphylaxis rather than fungal overgrowth. The vaginal symptoms in this case are due to an imbalance in normal microorganisms, not a hypersensitivity reaction.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner peptidoglycan layer compared to Gram-positive bacteria. The thicker peptidoglycan of Gram-positive bacteria is more easily targeted by certain antibiotics like penicillin.

B. Gram-negative bacteria have an outer membrane with lipopolysaccharides, which acts as a barrier to many antibiotics. This structural complexity often necessitates the use of antibiotics that can penetrate the outer membrane or have mechanisms to bypass this barrier.

C. Gram-negative bacteria are more prone to developing antibiotic resistance due to their outer membrane and efflux pumps. This complicates treatment decisions rather than simplifying them, requiring vigilance in antibiotic selection and monitoring.

D. While Gram-negative bacteria do have a thinner peptidoglycan layer, their outer membrane protects them from many antibiotics, so they are not inherently more susceptible. Treatment must consider this additional barrier to ensure efficacy.

Correct Answer is ["63"]

Explanation

Total Volume: 500 mL

Total Time: 8 hours

Calculate the infusion rate in milliliters per hour (mL/hr).

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = Total volume (mL) / Total time (hr)

= 500 mL / 8 hr

= 62.5 mL/hr.

Round the answer to the nearest whole number.

= 63 mL/hr.

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A female client develops vaginal candidiasis while on antibiotic therapy for an upper respiratory infection. The nurse knows that this is caused by?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a patient with a confirmed Gram-negative bacterial infection. The healthcare provider has prescribed an antibiotic regimen. Which of the following considerations is most important when treating Gram-negative organisms compared to Gram-positive organisms?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient has an order for 500 mL of NS to infuse over 8 hours. How many mL per hour should be set on the pump? Round to the nearest whole number.

Correct Answer is ["63"]

Explanation

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