A health teaching plan for a patient taking lithium should include instructions to
drink twice the usual dally amount of fluid.
double the lithium dose if diarrhea or vomiting occurs.
maintain normal salt and fluids in the diet.
avoid eating aged cheese, processed meats, and red wine.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Patients do not need to double fluid intake, just maintain adequate hydration (2–3 L/day). Drinking twice the usual amount could lead to fluid overload or dilute sodium balance.
B. Lithium should never be doubled. In fact, vomiting and diarrhea increase risk of lithium toxicity, so the provider must be notified instead.
C. Lithium excretion is closely tied to sodium and fluid balance. A stable diet with normal salt and adequate fluid intake helps prevent fluctuations in lithium levels and reduces risk of toxicity.
D. Avoiding aged cheese, processed meats, and red wine is teaching for MAOI therapy (to prevent hypertensive crisis due to tyramine), not for lithium.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Methadone (Methadose) is used as opioid replacement therapy to prevent withdrawal symptoms, not primarily to maintain abstinence.
B. Naltrexone (Vivitrol) is an opioid antagonist that helps maintain abstinence in patients with alcohol or opioid dependence by reducing cravings and blocking the euphoric effects of these substances.
C. Disulfiram (Antabuse) is used specifically for alcohol dependence; it causes unpleasant reactions if alcohol is consumed but does not address opioid addiction.
D. Bromocriptine (Parlodel) is used for Parkinson’s disease and certain endocrine disorders; it is not indicated for maintaining abstinence from alcohol or opioids.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Tranylcypromine sulfate (Parnate) is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that carries a high risk of toxicity in overdose and is generally avoided in patients with a history of suicide attempts.
B. Amitriptyline (Elavil) is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA), which can be lethal in overdose, making it unsafe for patients at high risk for suicide.
C. Desipramine (Norpramin) is also a TCA and poses a similar overdose risk as amitriptyline, so it is not preferred for suicidal patients.
D. Fluoxetine (Prozac) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), which has a much lower lethality in overdose compared to TCAs or MAOIs, making it the preferred choice for patients with a history of suicidal behavior.
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