A newly licensed and board-certified PMHNP has accepted a position at an inpatient substance use treatment facility. Because opioid withdrawal and benzodiazepine withdrawal can involve similar symptoms, distinguishing between the two can be difficult. Which of the following symptoms would aid the PMHNP in making a correct diagnosis of opioid withdrawal?

Presence of nausea or vomiting

Presence of frequent yawning

Presence of restlessness or agitation

Presence of anxiety

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Nausea and vomiting are common in both opioid and benzodiazepine withdrawal. They are nonspecific symptoms and do not help differentiate between the two conditions.

Choice B reason: Frequent yawning is a hallmark symptom of opioid withdrawal and is not typically seen in benzodiazepine withdrawal. It is a distinctive autonomic sign that can help clinicians identify opioid withdrawal.

Choice C reason: Restlessness and agitation are seen in both types of withdrawal. While they are important clinical features, they do not help distinguish between opioid and benzodiazepine withdrawal.

Choice D reason: Anxiety is a prominent symptom in benzodiazepine withdrawal and can also occur in opioid withdrawal. However, it is more characteristic of benzodiazepine withdrawal and does not serve as a distinguishing feature.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: ANOVA is used to compare means across three or more groups to determine if there are statistically significant differences. It does not test the relationship between two variables but rather differences among group means.

Choice B reason: A t-test compares the means of two groups to determine if they are statistically different. It is useful for hypothesis testing but does not measure the strength or direction of a relationship between two continuous variables.

Choice C reason: The p-value indicates the probability that the observed results occurred by chance. It is a component of hypothesis testing but not a statistic that directly measures relationships between variables.

Choice D reason: Pearson’s r correlation coefficient measures the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two continuous variables. It ranges from -1 to +1 and is the most appropriate inferential statistic for testing relationships between two variables.

A. He should determine which suicide screening tool to implement. B. He should conduct a systemic needs assessment of the organization. C. He should conduct a chart review analysis. D. He should conduct a root cause analysis.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Selecting a screening tool is an important step in the implementation process, but it is not the first. Without understanding the clinic’s current capabilities, workflows, and barriers, choosing a tool may result in poor integration or resistance from staff.

Choice B reason: Conducting a systemic needs assessment is the foundational first step in any change process. It allows the PMHNP to evaluate the clinic’s readiness, identify gaps in current practices, assess staff training needs, and determine logistical constraints. This ensures that the change is tailored to the organization’s specific context and increases the likelihood of successful implementation.

Choice C reason: A chart review analysis can provide insight into past documentation and suicide risk patterns, but it is a retrospective tool. It does not address the broader organizational needs or readiness for change.

Choice D reason: A root cause analysis is typically used to investigate adverse events or system failures. While it may be useful in understanding why suicide screening has not been previously implemented, it is not the appropriate first step in a proactive change process.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

In quantitative research, inferential statistics are numerical values that enable a researcher to reach conclusions that extend beyond the immediate data alone. Which inferential statistic tests the relationship between two variables?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A PMHNP working in a busy, multipractitioner outpatient behavioral health clinic is asked to implement a routine suicide risk screening for all clients who present to the clinic. What is the first step the PMHNP should take to implement the change process?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A 21-year-old male college student scored 2 on the CAGE screening tool. What does this score indicate?

A 71-year-old man on the geriatric behavioral inpatient unit displays ataxia, vestibular dysfunction, and a variety of ocular motility abnormalities such as horizontal nystagmus and a sluggish reaction to light. He has a 40-year history of alcohol abuse. What is his most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following adolescents is at the greatest risk of suicide?

A 29-year-old married woman tells the PMHNP that she is not going to leave her abusive husband because he is really "a good man" deep down. "He was abused as a child and needs help. I just need to love him harder." This is an example of which defense mechanism?

A 29-year-old pregnant woman is referred to the psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner for medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder (OUD). Which of the following will the PMHNP prescribe?

A 31-year-old female client who has been treated by the PMHNP for 10 years tells her she has been abusing her prescription for clonazepam (Klonopin). Using the principles of motivational interviewing, which of the following would be an affirming statement?

Which of the following medications exerts its effects by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, is typically used to treat hypertension or congestive heart failure, and has dry cough as a common side effect?