A nurse administers misoprostol to a patient receiving long-term NSAID therapy for osteoarthritis. The nurse recognizes the medication is effective when:
The patient stops having diarrhea.
The patient reports reduced heartburn and indigestion.
The patient reports a decrease in joint pain.
The patient's blood pressure improves.
The Correct Answer is B
A. The patient stops having diarrhea: Misoprostol can actually cause diarrhea as a common adverse effect. Cessation of diarrhea does not indicate therapeutic effectiveness and may reflect other factors.
B. The patient reports reduced heartburn and indigestion: Misoprostol is a prostaglandin analog that protects the gastric mucosa and reduces NSAID-induced gastrointestinal irritation. Relief of dyspepsia, heartburn, or epigastric discomfort indicates that the medication is effectively preventing or treating NSAID-related gastric damage.
C. The patient reports a decrease in joint pain: Misoprostol does not have analgesic properties and does not relieve osteoarthritis pain. NSAIDs are responsible for managing joint inflammation and pain, not misoprostol.
D. The patient's blood pressure improves: Misoprostol has no significant effect on blood pressure. Cardiovascular parameters are unrelated to the therapeutic goal of protecting the gastric mucosa during long-term NSAID therapy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Colchicine: Colchicine is used to treat acute gout flares by reducing inflammation through inhibition of neutrophil activity. It does not lower serum uric acid levels and is not effective for long-term urate control. Its role is symptom management rather than urate reduction.
B. Allopurinol: Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that decreases uric acid production. It is used for long-term management of chronic gout and prevention of hyperuricemia-related complications. This medication directly targets elevated serum uric acid levels.
C. Rituximab: Rituximab is an immunosuppressive monoclonal antibody used in certain autoimmune and oncologic conditions. It has no role in the management of gout or uric acid metabolism. Its mechanism does not affect purine breakdown.
D. Morphine: Morphine is an opioid analgesic used for severe pain control. It does not influence uric acid production or excretion. Pain management alone does not address hyperuricemia in chronic gout.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "There is no difference; they are the same condition.": This is incorrect because discoid lupus and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) differ in extent and severity.
B. "Discoid lupus is localized to the skin, whereas systemic lupus can affect multiple organs.": Discoid lupus primarily causes chronic, localized skin lesions, often on the face and scalp. In contrast, systemic lupus can involve the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, and nervous system, making organ involvement the distinguishing factor.
C. "Discoid lupus is always more severe than systemic lupus.": Systemic lupus is generally more severe because it can cause multi-organ damage and life-threatening complications. Severity varies, but SLE carries higher morbidity than discoid lupus.
D. “Discoid lupus affects internal organs, while systemic lupus only affects skin.": This statement reverses the definitions and is incorrect. Discoid lupus is cutaneous, while systemic lupus involves internal organs and can include skin manifestations.
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