A nurse in a clinic is obtaining a health history from a female client. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a risk factor cervical cancer?

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Hypertension

History of STIs

Nulliparity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Type 1 diabetes mellitus: Type 1 diabetes is not directly linked to an increased risk of cervical cancer. While chronic illnesses can affect overall health, they are not specific risk factors for cervical neoplasia.

B. Hypertension: Hypertension is a cardiovascular condition and does not contribute to the development of cervical cancer. It is not considered a risk factor in gynecologic oncology.

C. History of STIs: A history of sexually transmitted infections, particularly human papillomavirus (HPV), is a major risk factor for cervical cancer. HPV infection can cause cellular changes in the cervix that may progress to malignancy if not detected and managed early.

D. Nulliparity: While nulliparity has been associated with a slightly increased risk in some cancers, it is not as significant a risk factor for cervical cancer as HPV or other STIs. The primary focus in cervical cancer risk assessment is exposure to HPV.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The availability of religious facilities: A windshield survey involves direct observation of the community environment. Observing resources such as religious facilities, schools, parks, and stores provides information about community assets, social support, and infrastructure, which are key factors in assessing community health.

B. Influenza incidence rates for the current year: Incidence rates require access to public health records or databases, not visual observation. This type of epidemiological data is collected through statistical reports, not a windshield survey.

C. The leading cause of death for the prior year: Mortality data are obtained from health department statistics or vital records. This information cannot be gathered through direct community observation and therefore is not part of a windshield survey.

D. Individual perceptions about how residents interact: Perceptions and attitudes require interviews, surveys, or focus groups. A windshield survey captures observable, physical, and environmental characteristics, not subjective opinions, so this information would need other data collection methods.

A. A client who had an emergency appendectomy B. A client who had a vaginal hysterectomy C. A client who had a thyroidectomy D. A client who had cataract removal

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A client who had an emergency appendectomy: While coughing can cause some discomfort at the abdominal incision site, it generally does not pose a high risk of serious complications if the client uses proper splinting techniques.

B. A client who had a vaginal hysterectomy: Coughing may cause mild discomfort or stress on the pelvic floor, but it is not typically associated with significant risk if the client follows postoperative instructions and uses support as needed.

C. A client who had a thyroidectomy: Coughing after a thyroidectomy can place stress on the surgical site in the neck, increasing the risk of bleeding, airway compromise, or wound dehiscence. This makes coughing a particular concern for immediate postoperative safety and monitoring.

D. A client who had cataract removal: Coughing does not pose a risk to the eye or surgical site following cataract surgery. Clients may be advised to avoid straining, but coughing is generally safe and not a priority concern.

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A nurse in a clinic is obtaining a health history from a female client. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a risk factor cervical cancer?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A community health nurse is preparing to collect data to study the health of a local community. The nurse should plan to obtain information about which of the following factors during a windshield survey?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse in the postanesthesia care unit is caring for four postoperative clients. The nurse realizes that coughing poses a risk to which of the following clients?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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