A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing peritoneal dialysis and notes that the dialysate outflow has become cloudy. Which of the following complications of this procedure should the nurse suspect?
Bleeding
Peritonitis
Poor dialysate flow
Fibrin clot formation
The Correct Answer is B
A. Bleeding: Blood in the dialysate typically causes a pink or red-tinged outflow, not cloudy fluid. While bleeding can occur as a complication of peritoneal dialysis, the appearance of cloudy dialysate is more indicative of infection rather than hemorrhage.
B. Peritonitis: Cloudy dialysate is a classic sign of peritonitis, a serious infection of the peritoneal cavity. It occurs when bacteria enter during the dialysis process, leading to inflammation and exudate in the fluid. Immediate recognition and reporting are essential for prompt treatment with antibiotics to prevent further complications.
C. Poor dialysate flow: Poor flow is indicated by slow or incomplete drainage of dialysate, which may result from catheter kinking, constipation, or adhesions. While it affects the effectiveness of dialysis, it does not cause cloudiness in the effluent and is unrelated to infection.
D. Fibrin clot formation: Fibrin in the dialysate can appear as strands or clumps, but it is less common and usually does not cause generalized cloudiness. Fibrin clots are typically managed by adding heparin to the dialysate, whereas cloudy effluent primarily signals infection requiring antimicrobial intervention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Wear a mask while in the room with the toddler: Varicella (chickenpox) is transmitted via airborne and contact routes. Standard precautions include contact and airborne precautions, so an N95 or fitted mask is required rather than a simple mask.
B. Wipe the stethoscope with an alcohol-based gel after use: Cleaning equipment that comes into contact with the client helps prevent the spread of infection. Alcohol-based disinfectants effectively reduce transmission of varicella from shared medical equipment.
C. Place the toddler in a room with positive-pressure airflow: Positive-pressure rooms are used for immunocompromised clients to prevent pathogens from entering. Airborne precautions for varicella require a negative-pressure room to prevent spreading the virus to others.
D. Schedule the toddler for private time in the playroom: Allowing a child with varicella in communal areas risks spreading the virus to susceptible children. The toddler should remain in isolation until lesions crust over.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Report of a chronic dull ache in the eyes: Eye discomfort or ache is more commonly associated with conditions like glaucoma or eye strain. Cataracts are typically painless and do not produce chronic dull ache.
B. Bilateral redness of the sclerae: Redness of the sclera indicates inflammation or infection, such as conjunctivitis, and is not a characteristic sign of cataracts.
C. Increased opacity of the lens of the eye: Cataracts are defined by a clouding or opacity of the eye’s lens, which interferes with light transmission and vision. This physical change in the lens is the hallmark finding in cataract development.
D. Report of seeing halos around lights: Seeing halos is more commonly associated with glaucoma due to increased intraocular pressure, rather than cataracts. While cataracts may cause blurred or dim vision, halos are not the primary symptom.
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