A nurse is administering oral medications to a patient who refuses to take one of the medications. What should the nurse do first?
Document the refusal in the patient's medical record.
Ask the patient about their reasons for refusing the medication.
Immediately notify the health care provider of the refusal.
Administer the medication later without informing the patient.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Document the refusal in the patient's medical record: Documentation is essential but should follow an attempt to understand the reason for the refusal, not precede it. Recording alone does not address the underlying issue.
B. Ask the patient about their reasons for refusing the medication: Understanding the patient’s rationale—such as concerns about side effects, swallowing difficulties, or personal beliefs—allows the nurse to address barriers, provide education, or explore alternative options before escalating the situation.
C. Immediately notify the health care provider of the refusal: The provider should be informed if necessary, but the first step is to assess and understand the patient’s reason for refusal to determine the appropriate response.
D. Administer the medication later without informing the patient: Administering medication without the patient’s consent violates patient rights and ethical principles, and it is unsafe and unacceptable practice.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Each small line indicates 5 units of insulin: This is inaccurate because a U-100 insulin syringe has smaller graduations for precise dosing, and 5-unit increments would not allow accurate measurement of single-unit doses.
B. Each small line indicates 2 units of insulin: While closer, most U-100 syringes are marked in single-unit increments, making 2-unit interpretation insufficiently precise for safe insulin administration.
C. Each small line indicates 1 unit of insulin: Each small line represents 1 unit, allowing precise measurement of insulin doses. This accuracy is crucial for patient safety, especially when administering doses that are not multiples of five.
D. Each small line indicates 0.5 units of insulin: U-100 syringes are not typically marked in half-unit increments. Using this interpretation could lead to under- or overdosing, particularly in standard adult dosing.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Subcutaneous: The subcutaneous route involves injection into the fatty tissue beneath the skin. Absorption is slower compared with intramuscular or intravenous routes because of limited blood flow in adipose tissue, making it unsuitable for rapid onset of medication effect.
B. Intradermal: Intradermal injections are administered into the dermis layer of the skin, primarily for diagnostic purposes such as allergy testing or tuberculosis screening. Absorption is very slow due to minimal vascularization, so it does not provide rapid systemic effects.
C. Intramuscular: Intramuscular injections deliver medication into muscle tissue, which has better blood supply than subcutaneous tissue. Absorption is faster than subcutaneous or intradermal routes but slower than intravenous administration.
D. Intravenous: Intravenous administration delivers medication directly into the bloodstream, providing immediate systemic availability. This route ensures the fastest absorption and onset of action, making it ideal for emergencies or when rapid therapeutic effect is needed.
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