A nurse is asked to collect a 24-hour urine sample. Which of the following best describes this process?
is the most commonly requested specimen
is utilized to evaluate excretion rates of some substances
requires the nurse to cleanse the genital areas
this is the first voided specimen of the day
The Correct Answer is B
A. is the most commonly requested specimen: spot and routine urine tests are more commonly requested than 24-hour collections.
B. is utilized to evaluate excretion rates of some substances: 24-hour urine collections measure total daily excretion of substances (e.g., creatinine clearance, protein, catecholamines).
C. requires the nurse to cleanse the genital areas: Cleaning may be advised for some urine collections (midstream), but it is not the defining or best description of a 24-hour collection.
D. this is the first voided specimen of the day: a true 24-hour collection usually starts by discarding the first morning void and collecting all urine for the next 24 hours, including the next morning’s first void.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. Infection: Some infections (esp. urinary tract infections) can cause transient proteinuria, but infection is not the most specific cause.
B. Bleed: Bleeding (hematuria) shows blood in urine, not protein as the defining marker.
C. Diabetes: Diabetes (diabetic nephropathy) commonly causes persistent proteinuria, but proteinuria itself more directly indicates renal involvement.
D. Liver failure: Liver disease does not typically cause proteinuria as a primary finding.
E. Kidney disease: Protein in the urine (proteinuria) is most directly a sign of kidney dysfunction/glomerular damage (though causes include diabetes, hypertension, infection, etc.).
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. a bacterial infection: This is an infectious process, not the definition of iatrogenic.
B. being related to treatment received: Iatrogenic means caused by medical examination or treatment (adverse drug reaction, procedure complication, etc.).
C. hospital acquired: Hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections occur in healthcare settings and may be iatrogenic but are not synonymous-iatrogenic specifically implicates medical intervention.
D. predisposing factors: Predisposing factors make disease more likely but are not the definition of iatrogenic.
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