Define cachexia.
overconsumption
poor nutrition
a lack of enzymes
a thin, wasted appearance
The Correct Answer is D
A. overconsumption: That would describe overeating or hyperphagia, not cachexia.
B. poor nutrition: Related but not precise - cachexia involves complex metabolic changes (often in chronic disease) and is not simply inadequate intake.
C. a lack of enzymes: Enzyme deficiency is not the definition of cachexia.
D. a thin, wasted appearance: Cachexia denotes severe wasting (loss of weight, muscle mass and fat) producing a thin, emaciated appearance, commonly seen in chronic illnesses like cancer or advanced heart failure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Active natural: Active natural immunity results from natural infection (you make your own antibodies after being infected), not from vaccination.
B. Active artificial: Vaccination stimulates the host’s immune system to produce its own immune response and memory - this is active artificial immunity.
C. Passive natural: Passive natural immunity is transfer of antibodies naturally (e.g., maternal IgG across the placenta), not induced by vaccine.
D. Passive artificial: Passive artificial immunity is receiving preformed antibodies from an external source (e.g., immunoglobulin injection), not vaccination.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. regeneration: Regeneration replaces lost cells with the same cell type (restores normal tissue) and usually does not produce a scar when full regeneration occurs.
B. remodeling: Remodeling is the maturation and reorganization of the repair tissue (collagen), which shapes the scar but is part of the healing process rather than the initial cause of scarring.
C. granulation: Granulation tissue is rich in new capillaries and fibroblasts and is a stage in healing that precedes scar formation, but granulation itself is not the final scar.
D. fibrous connective tissue repair: Scar formation results from replacement of normal tissue by fibrous (collagenous) connective tissue-i.e., fibrous connective tissue repair (repair rather than regeneration).
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