A nurse is assessing a client who has meningitis and notes that the client experiences pain with extension of their leg from a flexed positions. Which of the following conditions is the client displaying?

Brudzinski's sign

Nuchal rigidity

Bradykinesia

Kernig's sign

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Brudzinski's sign is when flexion of the neck causes involuntary flexion of the hips and knees—this is a different physical response.
B. Nuchal rigidity refers to neck stiffness and is a general sign of meningeal irritation, not specific to leg extension.
C. Bradykinesia refers to slowness of movement, typically seen in Parkinson’s disease, not meningitis.
D. Kernig's sign is positive when the client experiences pain or resistance upon extending the leg at the knee from a flexed hip and knee position, indicating meningeal irritation as seen in meningitis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Tachycardia is an early compensatory sign of hypovolemic shock due to decreased circulating volume.
B. Increased temperature suggests infection or inflammation, not hypovolemic shock.
C. A slight decrease in urine output from 120 to 115 mL/hr is not significant; oliguria would be a more concerning sign.
D. A decrease in respiratory rate is not typical of hypovolemic shock, which usually causes tachypnea.

A. Atelectasis B. Hemothorax C. Pneumothorax D. Flail chest

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Atelectasis is collapse of lung tissue, not characterized by paradoxical chest movement.
B. Hemothorax is blood in the pleural space, which causes respiratory distress but not paradoxical chest movement.
C. Pneumothorax involves air in the pleural space and can cause respiratory distress, but the hallmark is decreased or absent breath sounds, not paradoxical chest movement.
D. It occurs when multiple adjacent ribs are fractured in multiple places, causing a segment of the chest wall to move paradoxically—inward during inspiration and outward during expiration. This is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate attention.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has meningitis and notes that the client experiences pain with extension of their leg from a flexed positions. Which of the following conditions is the client displaying?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who returns to the intensive care unit after a mass resection from the gastrointestinal tract. The client experienced bleeding throughout the procedure. Which finding indicates to the nurse that the client may be developing hypovolemic shock?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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