A nurse is assessing a client who has meningitis and notes that the client experiences pain with extension of their leg from a flexed positions. Which of the following conditions is the client displaying?
Brudzinski's sign
Nuchal rigidity
Bradykinesia
Kernig's sign
The Correct Answer is D
A. Brudzinski's sign is when flexion of the neck causes involuntary flexion of the hips and knees—this is a different physical response.
B. Nuchal rigidity refers to neck stiffness and is a general sign of meningeal irritation, not specific to leg extension.
C. Bradykinesia refers to slowness of movement, typically seen in Parkinson’s disease, not meningitis.
D. Kernig's sign is positive when the client experiences pain or resistance upon extending the leg at the knee from a flexed hip and knee position, indicating meningeal irritation as seen in meningitis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. RBC count is typically not elevated in acute pancreatitis.
B. Amylase is an enzyme that increases in the blood during acute pancreatitis due to pancreatic inflammation and enzyme leakage.
C. Magnesium levels are not characteristically elevated.
D. Calcium levels are often decreased in acute pancreatitis due to fat saponification.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Vitamin K is used to treat coagulopathy in liver disease but does not decrease ammonia levels.
B. Limiting fluid intake is typically related to managing ascites or edema, not ammonia levels.
C. Diuretics help reduce fluid overload but do not directly reduce ammonia.
D. Lactulose promotes the excretion of ammonia through the gastrointestinal tract by acidifying the colon, converting ammonia to ammonium, and reducing serum ammonia levels, which helps manage hepatic encephalopathy.
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