A nurse is assessing a client who has taken omeprazole for over 10 years and recently reported experiencing severe muscle cramps. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse consider as possibly contributing to this issue?
Hypercalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hyponatremia
Hyperkalemia
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hypercalcemia: Elevated calcium levels are not commonly associated with long-term omeprazole use. Hypercalcemia typically presents with fatigue, constipation, and kidney stones rather than muscle cramps.
B. Hypomagnesemia: Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole can lead to decreased magnesium absorption, resulting in hypomagnesemia. Low magnesium levels can cause neuromuscular excitability, leading to severe muscle cramps, tremors, and even arrhythmias.
C. Hyponatremia: Sodium imbalances are not a known effect of omeprazole therapy. Hyponatremia usually presents with confusion, lethargy, and seizures rather than isolated muscle cramps.
D. Hyperkalemia: Elevated potassium levels are not typically caused by omeprazole. Hyperkalemia primarily affects cardiac function and may present with arrhythmias, not muscle cramps.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A young adult who has a febrile illness: Receiving an inactivated influenza vaccine during an acute febrile illness can increase the risk of adverse reactions and may reduce the immune response. Vaccination should be postponed until the illness resolves.
B. A young adult who is pregnant: Inactivated influenza vaccines are safe during pregnancy and are recommended to protect both the mother and the fetus from influenza-related complications. Pregnancy is not a contraindication.
C. A child who has a hypersensitivity to amoxicillin: Hypersensitivity to antibiotics like amoxicillin does not contraindicate the influenza vaccine, as there is no cross-reactivity between amoxicillin and the vaccine components.
D. A child who has cerebral palsy: Cerebral palsy is a neurological condition and does not prevent administration of the inactivated influenza vaccine. Vaccination is encouraged in children with chronic conditions to reduce infection risk.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Check the client's pulse oximetry level every 6 hr: Pulse oximetry provides valuable information on oxygen saturation, but checking only every 6 hours may not detect early respiratory depression caused by opioid PCA therapy.
B. Check the client's blood pressure every 4 hr: Blood pressure monitoring is important postoperatively, but opioid-induced respiratory depression is a more immediate risk in the first 24 hours of PCA use, so respirations take priority.
C. Check the client's respirations every 2 hr: Opioids administered via PCA can cause respiratory depression, especially in the first 24 hours. Monitoring respiratory rate frequently allows for early detection and intervention if hypoventilation occurs.
D. Assess the client's apical heart rate every 8 hr: While cardiac monitoring may be indicated for some clients, the apical heart rate is not the most critical assessment for PCA therapy. Respiratory function is the priority for detecting opioid-related complications.
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