A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who has leukemia. Which of the following transmission precautions should the nurse implement?
Droplet
Protective environment
Airborne
Contact
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Droplet precautions are necessary when dealing with infectious agents that are spread through large droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, or talking. However, leukemia itself is not an infectious disease but a type of cancer affecting the blood and bone marrow. Therefore, droplet precautions are not typically required for leukemia patients unless they have a concurrent infection that warrants such measures.
Choice B reason: A protective environment refers to room designs that minimize the risk of infection in immunocompromised patients, such as those with leukemia. This includes HEPA filtration, positive air pressure rooms, and rigorous infection control practices. Given that patients with leukemia have compromised immune systems, a protective environment is crucial to protect them from infections, which can be life-threatening due to their reduced ability to fight off diseases.
Choice C reason: Airborne precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted through tiny droplets that remain suspended in the air and can be inhaled by others. Diseases like tuberculosis, measles, and chickenpox require airborne precautions. Leukemia does not require airborne precautions unless the patient has a coexisting airborne infection.
Choice D reason: Contact precautions are used for infections that are spread by direct contact with the patient or the patient's environment. While leukemia patients may be more susceptible to infections due to their compromised immune systems, contact precautions are not specifically required for leukemia itself but may be necessary if the patient has a concurrent contact-transmissible infection.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Regular morning exercise can actually promote better sleep. It helps to regulate the body's clock and can lead to deeper, more restful sleep. However, exercising too close to bedtime may have the opposite effect.
Choice B reason: Going to bed at the same time every evening can help establish a consistent sleep-wake cycle, which is beneficial for people who have insomnia. This regularity can make it easier to fall asleep and wake up naturally.
Choice C reason: Alcohol consumption before bedtime can disrupt sleep patterns. While it may initially help someone fall asleep, it often leads to poorer quality of sleep and can cause awakenings throughout the night.
Choice D reason: If unable to sleep, getting out of bed can be a good strategy. It's part of stimulus control therapy for insomnia, which advises leaving the bed if you can't sleep, so you don't associate the bed with wakefulness
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Thoroughly cleansing the affected area helps remove potential pathogens. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advises washing needlestick injuries with soap and water.
Choice B reason: Squeezing the puncture site is not recommended because it can cause further injury to the tissue and does not effectively reduce the risk of bloodborne pathogen transmission.
Choice C reason: Flushing the puncture site with water is a good practice, but it should be done immediately, not just for 5 minutes. The initial washing is more critical.
Choice D reason: If indicated, postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) should be initiated as soon as possible, ideally within hours of exposure, to maximize its effectiveness. Delaying PEP until the following day is not advisable.
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