A nurse is caring for a 26-year-old client.
Which body mass index (BMI) is considered obese?.
BMI of 32.
BMI of 15.
BMI of 28.
BMI of 20.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher is classified as obese for adults. Therefore, a BMI of 32 falls directly into the obesity category. BMI is a screening tool used to estimate body fat based on a person's height and weight. For an adult, the normal BMI range is 18.5 to 24.9. Obese individuals have an increased risk for various health conditions, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases.
Choice B rationale
A BMI of 15 is significantly below the normal range and is classified as underweight. The threshold for being underweight is a BMI of less than 18.5. This low value can indicate malnutrition, an underlying medical condition, or an eating disorder. Clients with a BMI this low require thorough nutritional assessment and medical intervention to address potential deficiencies and health risks associated with insufficient body mass. It is the opposite end of the spectrum from obesity and carries its own set of clinical concerns.
Choice C rationale
A BMI of 28 is classified as overweight. The overweight range for adults is defined as a BMI between 25 and 29.9. While this category indicates a weight higher than what is considered healthy for a given height, it has not yet reached the clinical definition of obesity. Nurses often provide education on lifestyle modifications, such as diet and exercise, for clients in this range to prevent them from progressing to obesity and to reduce the risk of weight-related chronic illnesses.
Choice D rationale
A BMI of 20 falls within the normal or healthy weight range for an adult. The healthy range is traditionally defined as 18.5 to 24.9. Within this range, an individual is generally at a lower risk for weight-related health problems compared to those in the underweight, overweight, or obese categories. Maintaining a BMI in this range is often a goal of health promotion activities. It suggests a balance between caloric intake and energy expenditure appropriate for the individual's height and body structure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
School-aged children are actually quite capable of understanding basic safety rules. This developmental stage is characterized by concrete operational thought, where children can follow logical instructions and understand cause and effect. The risk of injury does not stem from an inability to comprehend rules, but rather from the physical challenges they take on or the environments they enter. Educating this group on safety is effective because they have the cognitive capacity to apply those concepts.
Choice B rationale
Most school-aged children have a high interest in physical activity. This period is marked by an increase in gross motor coordination and a desire to demonstrate physical competence. A lack of interest is more often a sign of a sedentary lifestyle or an underlying health issue rather than a developmental characteristic of the age group. Their high energy levels and desire to move are what lead them into situations where physical injuries, such as falls, occur.
Choice C rationale
Increased participation in organized sports is a major contributor to injury risk for school-aged children. As they engage in activities like soccer, football, or gymnastics, they are exposed to risks of fractures, sprains, and concussions. Their physical strength and speed are increasing, but their coordination and judgment may not always match their enthusiasm. Competition can also lead children to push their physical limits beyond what is safe, resulting in both acute and overuse injuries.
Choice D rationale
Curiosity about the surroundings is actually very high in school-aged children, not limited. They are eager to explore their world, master new skills, and understand how things work. This curiosity can lead them to explore areas that are potentially dangerous, such as construction sites or bodies of water. Their investigative nature, combined with a sense of "invincibility" that often begins to develop, means they might take risks without fully calculating the potential for physical harm.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Posting about workplace incidents on social media or forums, even anonymously, carries significant risks regarding professional reputation and potential breaches of confidentiality. Most healthcare organizations have strict policies regarding digital behavior and lateral violence. Seeking advice in this manner does not resolve the immediate problem and can lead to further unprofessionalism. Ethical nursing practice requires handling conflicts through established internal channels or direct communication to maintain a safe and respectful work environment for all staff members.
Choice B rationale
Joining in on sarcastic or disrespectful behavior toward a colleague is a form of horizontal or lateral violence. This behavior creates a toxic work environment, undermines team cohesion, and ultimately compromises patient safety. Nurses have a professional responsibility to uphold a standard of conduct that is respectful and collaborative. Participating in such behavior validates the mistreatment of others and violates the ethical codes of nursing, which emphasize the importance of dignity and mutual respect among healthcare professionals.
Choice C rationale
Addressing the behavior assertively and professionally is the most appropriate action because it directly confronts lateral violence. By speaking up, the nurse sets a standard for professional conduct and protects the integrity of the team. This approach involves stating the facts of the observation and explaining how the behavior affects the work environment. Direct communication allows for the possibility of immediate resolution and demonstrates leadership and commitment to a healthy workplace culture, which is essential for effective care.
Choice D rationale
Ignoring the behavior allows a culture of disrespect to persist and potentially escalate. Lateral violence that goes unchallenged can lead to burnout, decreased job satisfaction, and errors in patient care due to poor communication. As professionals, nurses are expected to be advocates for a healthy environment. Choosing to stay silent is often perceived as tacit approval of the behavior. Taking no action fails to address the underlying issue and does not contribute to the professional growth or safety of the nursing unit.
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