A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage kidney disease. Which of the following dietary instructions should the nurse give to the client's partner?
"Restrict your partner's oral fluid intake to 450 mL/day."
"Limit your partner's potassium intake to 60 mEq/L per day."
"Help your partner consume foods containing phosphorus."
"Encourage foods high in protein for your partner.”
The Correct Answer is B
A. "Restrict your partner's oral fluid intake to 450 mL/day.": Fluid restriction in ESKD should be individualized based on the client’s kidney function and retention. A strict 450 mL/day limit is not universally applicable.
B. "Limit your partner's potassium intake to 60 mEq/L per day.": Potassium intake is typically restricted in ESKD due to the kidneys' reduced ability to excrete it. The appropriate restriction depends on potassium levels, but generally, it’s advised to limit intake to prevent hyperkalemia and related complications.
C. "Help your partner consume foods containing phosphorus.": Phosphorus intake should be restricted in ESKD, as high phosphorus levels can cause complications like bone disease. Consuming phosphorus-rich foods should be avoided to prevent calcium-phosphorus imbalances and calcification.
D. "Encourage foods high in protein for your partner.": Excess protein intake in ESKD can exacerbate kidney function decline and increase waste buildup. Protein intake should be monitored and reduced to minimize the kidneys’ workload and prevent further damage.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Ketorolac 30 mg IV: Ketorolac is a NSAID that can be administered intravenously for postoperative pain relief. Since the client is only 2 hours postoperative and reports severe pain (10/10), this prescription is appropriate for managing acute pain effectively.
B. Oxycodone 10 mg PO: Oxycodone is an opioid but it is taken orally, which may not be appropriate in the immediate postoperative period when the client is still recovering from anesthesia and may have nausea or difficulty swallowing.
C. Acetaminophen 1,000 mg PO: Acetaminophen is an appropriate medication for mild to moderate pain, but given the client's severe pain (10/10), a stronger analgesic such as an NSAID (ketorolac) or opioid would likely be prescribed in this situation.
D. Fentanyl 12.5 mcg/hr transdermal: Fentanyl transdermal patches are used for long-term, chronic pain management and are not suitable for immediate postoperative pain. The onset of action is slow, and it would not provide adequate pain relief in the immediate postoperative period.
Correct Answer is ["30"]
Explanation
Calculation:
- Determine the concentration of the available lidocaine solution in milligrams per milliliter (mg/mL).
Available concentration = Total medication (mg) / Total volume (mL)
= 400 mg / 100 mL
= 4 mg/mL.
- Convert the desired dose from milligrams per minute (mg/min) to milligrams per hour (mg/hr).
1 hr = 60 min
Desired dose in mg/hr = 2 mg/min × 60 min/hr
= 120 mg/hr.
- Calculate the IV pump rate in milliliters per hour (mL/hr).
IV pump rate (mL/hr) = Desired dose (mg/hr) / Available concentration (mg/mL)
= 120 mg/hr / 4 mg/mL
= 30 mL/hr.
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